IL-15/IL-15Rα Signaling Is a Guardian of Human Hair Follicle Immune Privilege and Promotes Hair Growth

November 2022 in “ The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology ”

Takamoto Suzuki, D. Demetrius, Jennifer Gherardini, Ali Rajabi‐Estarabadi, Federico Scala, Talveen S. Purba, G. Epstein-Kuka, Matthew Harries, Jérémy Chéret, R. Paus

IL-15 IL-15Rα hair follicle immune privilege HF-IP catagen hair matrix proliferation AA common γ-chain JAKi therapy interleukin-15 interleukin-15 receptor alpha immune privilege alopecia areata Janus kinase inhibitors

TLDR IL-15 promotes hair growth and protects hair follicles.

The study investigates the role of IL-15/IL-15Rα signaling in maintaining human hair follicle immune privilege (HF-IP) and promoting hair growth. It was found that IL-15 protects against HF-IP collapse, restores HF-IP, and delays catagen development in human hair follicles. Conversely, silencing IL-15Rα leads to premature catagen, reduced hair matrix proliferation, and weakened HF-IP. Additionally, AA patients exhibit reduced IL-15Rα and common γ-chain expression, indicating decreased sensitivity to IL-15 signaling. The findings suggest that stimulating IL-15Rα signaling could promote hair growth and prevent rapid AA relapse after stopping JAKi therapy.

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