Research Progress on Fractional CO2 Laser in Multimodal Therapy

Fractional CO2 laser, a minimally invasive technology based on selective photothermolysis, has shown significant advantages in multimodal therapy, particularly in conditions like alopecia, scar remodeling, and pigmentary disorders. It works by inducing microscopic thermal zones that activate tissue repair, enhance drug penetration, and modulate the immune environment. When combined with other treatments like microneedle radiofrequency and PRP, it improves outcomes and reduces recovery time. The laser promotes collagen production, improves skin barrier function, and inhibits inflammatory cytokines, offering strong potential for tissue regeneration. Emerging technologies like dual-wavelength systems and AI-based optimization have enhanced its precision and safety. Future research should focus on personalized treatment strategies using biomarkers and intelligent drug delivery systems to improve efficacy and clinical guidance.