Forehead, Eyebrow, and Upper Eyelid Lifting

This document from 11 years ago discusses the aging process of the upper third of the face, including the forehead, eyebrows, and upper eyelids. The authors suggest that endoscopic forehead and eyebrow lifting can address these issues, but the procedure requires specific instruments and surgical skill. The article also notes that loss of volume and sun damage are important factors in the aging process. The article covers different techniques for forehead, eyebrow, and upper eyelid lifting, including the endoscopic technique, coronal forehead and brow lift, and trichophytic and pretrichial methods. The document emphasizes the importance of recognizing the cause of dermatochalasis in patients being evaluated for blepharoplasty to avoid fixation of the brow in an inappropriate position or incorrectly performing a blepharoplasty. The article concludes that endoscopic forehead and brow lifting is a safe and consistent procedure that provides good long-term results in the aged ptotic eyebrow, but possible complications include wound dehiscence, hematoma, skin edge necrosis, poor wound healing and scar formation, asymmetries, sensory disturbances, facial paralysis, eyelid ptosis, corneal abrasions, dry eye syndrome, hair loss (alopecia), infection, relapse, and irregularities in contour.