Extracellular Vesicles as Precision Therapeutics for Psychiatric Conditions: Targeting Interactions Among Neuronal, Glial, and Immune Networks

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are being investigated as precision therapeutics for psychiatric conditions due to their ability to target interactions among neuronal, glial, and immune networks. EVs can be naturally produced or synthetically created and offer a promising approach for delivering therapies directly to specific brain regions, potentially reducing systemic side effects. Intranasal administration is highlighted as an effective delivery method. Despite challenges such as standardizing EV production and ensuring safety, ongoing research and clinical trials are crucial for understanding their therapeutic potential. Advances in brain imaging and immune system understanding support the development of EV-based therapies, which could lead to personalized medicine approaches for psychiatric disorders.