Coloration in Equine: Overview of Candidate Genes Associated with Coat Color Phenotypes

This review examines the genetic basis of coat color phenotypes in equines, focusing on key genes like MC1R, ASIP, KIT, and MITF, which influence melanin production and coat color variations in horses and donkeys. It highlights the role of these genes in determining primary colors and patterns, such as black, chestnut, bay, and white, and their association with health issues like melanoma and deafness. The document underscores the importance of coat color in selective breeding, breed identification, and animal health, advocating for further research to enhance breeding strategies and genetic diversity in equine species. Advances in genomic technologies have facilitated the identification of these genes, offering insights for developing breeding strategies that enhance both aesthetic and health aspects of equine species.