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The document reviewed the role of Nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NcoA4), also known as androgen receptor-associated protein 70 (ARA70), in various biological processes and diseases. Initially identified in papillary thyroid carcinomas, NcoA4 was found to be a coactivator for multiple nuclear receptors, including those for steroid hormones and vitamins. Despite lacking defined functional domains, NcoA4 was shown to localize mainly in the cytoplasm and influence androgen receptor specificity, relevant to androgen-independent prostate cancer. Two human variants of NcoA4 were identified, potentially with different activities. The review highlighted NcoA4's involvement in development, carcinogenesis, inflammation, erythrogenesis, and cell cycle progression, suggesting roles beyond receptor coactivation.
26 citations
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May 2012 in “Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences” NcoA4 may have roles beyond helping control gene activity, possibly affecting cell behavior and stability.
1 citations
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May 2017 in “InTech eBooks” Hair loss in Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is due to altered cell sensitivity to hormones, not increased hormone levels. Hair growth periods shorten over time, causing hair to become thinner and shorter. This is linked to miscommunication between cell pathways in hair follicles. There's also a change in gene expression related to blood vessels and cell growth in balding hair follicles. The exact molecular causes of AGA are still unclear.
18 citations
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March 2020 in “Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology” The enzymes 5α-reductase and 3α/β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase help create brain-active substances from progesterone and testosterone, which could be used for treatment, but more research is needed to ensure their safety and effectiveness.
1308 citations
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March 1998 in “Journal of bone and mineral research” The vitamin D receptor is crucial for bone health and affects various body systems, with mutations potentially leading to disease.
1533 citations
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October 2008 in “Endocrine reviews” Mice without the vitamin D receptor have bone issues and other health problems, suggesting vitamin D is important for preventing various diseases in humans.