Functionally Enhanced Placenta-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Inhibit Adipogenesis in Orbital Fibroblasts With Graves’ Ophthalmopathy

    June 2020
    Jae Yeon Kim, Sohae Park, Hyunjung Lee, Helen Lew, Gi Jin Kim
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    TLDR Enhanced stem cells from the placenta can reduce fat cell formation in eye disease.
    The study investigated the effects of PRL-1-overexpressing placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PD-MSCs^PRL-1) on adipogenesis in orbital fibroblasts (OFs) from patients with Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO). It was found that PD-MSCs^PRL-1 significantly reduced lipid accumulation and decreased the expression of adipogenic markers in OFs compared to naïve PD-MSCs. This effect was linked to the downregulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and the secretion of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) by PD-MSCs^PRL-1, which was mediated by integrins and led to increased phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (pFAK). The findings suggested that PD-MSC^PRL-1 could offer a novel therapeutic strategy for treating degenerative diseases by inhibiting adipogenesis in GO.
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