Dermatological Manifestations in Children With Chronic Kidney Disease in a Tertiary Care Center: A Case-Control Study
October 2020
TLDR Children with chronic kidney disease often have skin, hair, and nail problems.
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of dermatological manifestations in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) by conducting a prospective case-control study involving 200 CKD children and 200 healthy controls aged 3 months to 14 years. The study found that skin, hair, and nail manifestations were significantly more common in the CKD group compared to controls, with 94.5% of CKD children exhibiting at least one skin manifestation. Common skin issues included skin pallor (75.5%), xerosis (48.5%), and atopic diathesis (41.5%). Hair manifestations such as flag hair (19.5%) and traction alopecia (5.5%) were also more prevalent in CKD children. Nail findings included punctate leukonychia (22%) and ragged cuticles (18.5%). Oral cavity issues like dental staining (6%) were noted. Xerosis was significantly associated with higher creatinine levels and hypocalcemia. The study concluded that these dermatological manifestations were prevalent in children with various stages of CKD.