November 2025 in “Pacific Journal of Medical Research” This study found that acute cutaneous lupus erythematosus, particularly malar rash, was the most common skin manifestation among SLE patients in Bangladesh, with significant occurrences of nonspecific lesions like alopecia and mucosal ulcers.
April 2018 in “International Journal of Research in Dermatology” In this study, 82% of systemic lupus erythematosus patients at a tertiary care center in India exhibited skin manifestations, including photosensitivity, malar rash, discoid rash, and oral ulcers.
This study found that skin lesions in systemic lupus erythematosus patients are significant for diagnosis and prognosis, with malar rash and diffuse hair loss being common indicators of disease activity.
June 2016 in “Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences” In this study of SLE patients in North-East India, oral ulcers were reported as the most common cutaneous manifestation, followed by malar rash and photosensitivity.
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September 2006 in “Clinics in Dermatology” This article outlines manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus, noting rapid joint symptom improvement with corticosteroids and antimalarial drug responsiveness for skin symptoms, and links anti-Ro with photosensitive rash and subacute lupus.