Cosmos Caudatus Kunth Leaf Extract Herbal Nanosuspension Formulations, Characterization, and Cytotoxicity Approach Against MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells

The study investigated the formulation of a nanosuspension containing kenikir leaf extract, known for its anticancer properties, to enhance its effectiveness against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Using the ionic gelation method with varying concentrations of PVP K-30 stabilizer, the formula with 5% PVP showed the highest entrapment efficiency (85.04±0.08%) and optimal characteristics, including a particle size of 221.9 nm and a zeta potential of -21.7 mV. The nanosuspension demonstrated significant cytotoxic activity, inhibiting MCF-7 cell proliferation by 23.7% at a concentration of 10 μg/mL, suggesting its potential as a complementary therapy for breast cancer.