Cardiac Tamponade Due To Minoxidil Use: A Case Report And Review Of The Literature

This case report highlights a rare but serious complication of minoxidil use, which is commonly prescribed for hypertension and hair loss. An 81-year-old male with chronic kidney disease developed cardiac tamponade, a life-threatening condition, while on minoxidil therapy. Symptoms included dyspnea, edema, and fever, and imaging confirmed a pericardial effusion. After urgent pericardiocentesis and discontinuation of minoxidil, the patient's symptoms resolved with no recurrence at 1-month follow-up. The report also reviews 26 previous cases of minoxidil-induced pericardial effusion or cardiac tamponade, emphasizing the need for early detection and vigilance, especially in vulnerable patients.