Patient-Level Adverse Event Patterns in a Single-Institution Study of the Multi-Kinase Inhibitor Sorafenib

The study analyzed adverse events (AEs) in 157 patients treated with the multi-kinase inhibitor sorafenib at a single institution, identifying common AEs such as fatigue (64%), hand-foot syndrome (HFS) (59%), hypophosphatemia (57%), diarrhea (45%), rash (41%), and alopecia (35%). Severe AEs included hypophosphatemia (50%), HFS (36%), fatigue (20%), and hypertension (18%). The study found that the prevalence of alopecia, diarrhea, and fatigue increased over time, with significant co-occurrences of mucositis and dermatologic events. Sorafenib plasma concentrations showed a threshold effect for HFS and diarrhea, peaking at 5.0 mcg/mL. These findings suggested that understanding the temporal and spatial distribution of AEs could help predict their occurrence and optimize dosing for individual patients.