Shampoos: Ingredients, Efficacy, and Adverse Effects

April 2007 in “ Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft ”

Ralph M. Trüeb

shampoos surfactants conditioning agents anti-dandruff shampoos Malassezia spp. scalp scaling shampoo conditioner anti-dandruff shampoo

Studysummary This article reviews the development and formulation of shampoos, emphasizing their dual role as cosmetic and medicinal products, but presents no new experimental findings.

Our plain-language summary. Not medical advice or a treatment recommendation. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before changing treatment. Full disclaimer

Shampoos, commonly used for hair and scalp treatment, are expected to provide both cleansing and cosmetic benefits, and are tailored to individual hair types, ages, and specific scalp conditions. A shampoo typically contains 10 to 30 ingredients, including surfactants for cleansing, conditioning agents for imparting desirable hair qualities, special care ingredients, and additives. The formulation of shampoos involves a blend of surfactants to meet the needs of different hair types, and the development process can exceed a year. Conditioning agents are a key focus of development, aiming to enhance hair luster, smoothness, volume, and buoyancy, while maintaining a scalp free of scaling. Anti-dandruff shampoos primarily target the microbial growth of Malassezia spp., with recent advancements improving the efficacy of these agents, reducing the required contact time, and minimizing irritation.

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