Activating the Healing Process: Three-Dimensional Culture of Stem Cells in Matrigel for Tissue Repair

The study explores the use of human gingival mesenchymal stem cells (hGMSCs) cultured in a three-dimensional (3D) Matrigel matrix for tissue repair, involving 10 healthy donors and 72 Sprague-Dawley rats. The 3D culture conditions significantly enhanced the viability and differentiation capacity of hGMSCs, particularly in adipogenic differentiation, compared to traditional cultures. In vivo experiments showed that hGMSCs/Matrigel transplantation accelerated wound healing in buccal mucosa wounds by promoting autologous stem cell proliferation and collagen fiber generation. The findings suggest that 3D culture systems can improve stem cell properties and maintain their stemness, offering a promising approach for regenerative therapy and soft tissue repair by modulating the host microenvironment.