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Long-standing benign tumors can become cancerous, especially in people with weakened immune systems.

This study reports two cases of trichoblastic neoplasms with histologic features suggesting they may be distinct, locally aggressive trichoblastic carcinomas separate from basal cell carcinoma.

This study found that trichoblastic fibroma and basal cell carcinoma cannot be differentiated by cytokeratin expression patterns, while trichoepithelioma lacks CK7 expression, distinguishing it from the other two neoplasms.

The case report highlights the diagnostic challenges of low-grade trichoblastic carcinoma, a rare malignant tumor often mistaken for benign lesions, in a 51-year-old female with immunocompromising conditions. Accurate diagnosis relied on histopathological examination, and achieving clear surgical margins was crucial to prevent recurrence.

This study found that phospho-S6 is strongly expressed in malignant hair follicle tumors but only patchily in a minority of benign tumors, indicating a potential marker for distinguishing between the two.