research Tribuloside acts on the PDE/cAMP/PKA pathway to enhance melanogenesis, melanocyte dendricity and melanosome transport
This study found that tribuloside, a flavonoid from Tribulus terrestris L., enhances melanin production in human melanocytes, zebrafish, and human skin samples without causing toxicity, potentially through inhibiting PDE to increase cAMP levels and promote the melanin biosynthesis pathway.