May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Transgender females can reach their target estrogen levels using estradiol patches, especially if oral treatments fail or if they're at risk for blood clots. Often, the highest dose patch is needed.
2 citations,
August 2023 in “Pharmaceutics” New skin disease treatments using TDDS are improving but face challenges like side effects and high costs.
182 citations,
January 2000 in “Drug Development Research” Ethosomal carriers improve drug delivery through the skin better than traditional methods.
46 citations,
January 2008 in “Climacteric” Testosterone therapy can help improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but may cause side effects and is not FDA-approved for this use.
9 citations,
November 2009 in “Recent Patents on Drug Delivery & Formulation” Microemulsions could improve how drugs are delivered and absorbed in the body.