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In this study, the researchers used dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and found that women with polycystic ovary syndrome exhibit a central fat distribution pattern despite not having increased overall fat compared to controls, suggesting this method's potential utility in diagnosing and monitoring PCOS.

This study found that non-alcoholic fatty pancreas disease is significantly more prevalent in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, and is associated with metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and hyperandrogenism.

This study reported that women with polycystic ovarian syndrome have higher serum irisin levels, which are associated with metabolic and hormonal imbalances, including hyperandrogenism, total cholesterol, and visceral fat.

In this study, researchers found a significant prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Egyptian women with polycystic ovary syndrome, with insulin resistance being a key predictive factor.

This randomized clinical trial found that vitamin D supplementation did not significantly alter anthropometric or metabolic parameters in obese, insulin-resistant, and vitamin D-deficient women with polycystic ovary syndrome, whereas metformin effectively reduced body weight, BMI, waist circumference, total body fat, and serum glucose levels.