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This study found that ovariectomized and finasteride-treated rats showed significant tear film deficiency and downregulation of sex steroid receptors in ocular tissues, suggesting potential models for studying dry eye disorders.

This study found that the extract of Bidens pilosa L. improved dry eye symptoms associated with androgen deficiency in rats by enhancing tear production, stabilizing the tear film, and reducing lacrimal gland inflammation.

This review synthesizes current evidence on platelet-rich plasma for dry eye disease and reports no new results; the authors emphasize the need for standardized trials to validate these approaches.

This study found that finasteride-induced androgen deficiency in an animal model resulted in tear deficiency and increased inflammatory cytokine expression in the lacrimal gland, potentially aiding in understanding dry eye pathogenesis.

In a retrospective study, researchers found that topical spironolactone improved tear film quality and reduced inflammation related to meibomian gland dysfunction and evaporative dry eye in patients, demonstrating good tolerability and suggesting it as a potential therapy for managing the condition.