January 2026 in “Immunity & Inflammation” This review explores the pathogenesis of autoimmune skin diseases using vitiligo as a model to establish a chronological framework of disease onset, progression, and recurrence. It introduces a "stochastic multi-hit model" where disease results from cumulative genetic and environmental factors breaching immunological checkpoints. The review details immune processes such as antigen exposure, T cell priming, and the formation of tertiary lymphoid structures. It also discusses inflammation resolution and recurrence driven by adaptive immunity and inflammatory memory. The framework is extended to other autoimmune skin diseases like alopecia areata, pemphigus vulgaris, and psoriasis, highlighting unexplored mechanistic gaps and offering new directions for research and clinical practice.
April 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Gut microbiota influences the development of alopecia areata.
10 citations
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April 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The gut microbiome affects the development of alopecia areata.
January 2023 in “Discovery immunology” T cells and bacteria in the gut and skin help maintain health and protect against disease.
64 citations
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July 2016 in “Journal of Immunology” Blocking the CXCR3 receptor reduces T cell accumulation in the skin and prevents hair loss in mice.