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research Mice with a null mutation of the TGFα gene have abnormal skin architecture, wavy hair, and curly whiskers and often develop corneal inflammation

578 citations , April 1993 in “Cell”

This study found that mice with a disrupted TGFα gene display a curly whisker-coat phenotype, similar to waved-1 mice, suggesting TGFα's crucial role in skin architecture and hair development.

research Genetic architecture of mouse skin inflammation and tumour susceptibility

133 citations , January 2009 in “Nature”

This study identified gene expression patterns in a mouse model that may influence tumor susceptibility and tissue functions related to inflammation and cell proliferation, highlighting Lgr5 and the vitamin D receptor as key regulators.

Chromatin Architectural Protein CTCF Controls Epidermal Barrier Formation, Hair Follicle Fate Maintenance, and Suppresses Inflammatory Responses in the Skin Epithelium

research 874 Chromatin architectural protein CTCF controls epidermal barrier formation, hair follicle fate maintenance and suppresses inflammatory responses in the skin epithelium

April 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

In this study, CTCF was found to play essential roles in epidermal differentiation and skin barrier formation, simultaneously acting as a suppressor of epithelial inflammatory responses in mouse skin.

research Distinct fibroblast lineages determine dermal architecture in skin development and repair

1235 citations , December 2013 in “Nature”

This study found that skin fibroblasts in mice arise from two distinct lineages which contribute differently to dermal structure and repair, impacting hair follicle formation during wound healing.

research Fetal Fibroblast Heterogeneity Defines Dermal Architecture during Human Embryonic Skin Development

8 citations , January 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

In this study, researchers analyzing human fetal skin fibroblasts found eight distinct populations with developmental stage-specific abundance, identifying markers linked to fibroblast functions in blood vessel development, dermal layers, and hair follicle maturation.

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Community Join

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community One year on finasteride has reversed some aging

in Chat 198 upvotes 11 months ago

Finasteride and minoxidil use resulted in a more youthful appearance and improved skin. There is debate about their effects on collagen and skin aging, with no solid evidence supporting significant changes due to finasteride.

community 4.5 months on 1mg fin/6%min/2.5mg biotin hybrid progress

in Is this regrowth? 59 upvotes 1 year ago

A 25-year-old male experienced hair regrowth after 4.5 months using a chewable treatment with 1mg finasteride, 6% minoxidil, and 2.5mg biotin, despite initial shedding and acne from accutane. Opinions on progress vary, with some noticing thicker hair and others seeing no difference or thinning.

community Why are the results so varied depending on WHERE you’re balding??

in Chat 9 upvotes 1 month ago

Minoxidil and finasteride are more effective for diffuse thinning and crown balding because these areas have miniaturizing but still alive hairs that respond well to treatment. The hairline is less responsive to these medications due to its androgen sensitivity and often requires a transplant for restoration.

community Realistically, how much PP405 will cost?

33 upvotes 1 year ago

PP405 is in phase 2 trials for hair loss, with discussions on its cost and effectiveness compared to minoxidil and finasteride. Users are skeptical about its efficacy and timeline, with hopes for market release by 2027.

community Could male-pattern baldness have a secondary photobiological function? The Solar Window Hypothesis

11 upvotes 2 weeks ago

Male-pattern baldness might increase UVB exposure on the scalp, potentially affecting vitamin D and skeletal health. The hypothesis is debated, with some seeing it as a minor benefit in specific contexts.

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Learn

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learn Epidermal Growth Factor

learn Osteopontin

signaling protein that, when suppressed, may grow hair by reducing inflammation and stem cell loss

learn Melatonin

Can melatonin cause side effects on the skin or hair? Melatonin may cause hair loss or thinning in some users, but evidence is limited.

learn Scalp Micropigmentation

Does scalp micropigmentation work on all skin tones and hair colors? Scalp micropigmentation can be customized for various skin tones and hair colors.
Is scalp micropigmentation suitable for people with sensitive skin? Providers say scalp micropigmentation suits most skin types and describe patch tests, hypoallergenic pigments and a skin consultation for sensitive skin. These are provider claims rather than independent safety evidence, and pigment reactions remain a risk.

learn retinol

How does retinol improve scalp health and prepare the skin for other hair growth treatments? Retinol improves scalp health by promoting cellular turnover and reducing congestion.

learn Hyaluronic Acid

Does hyaluronic acid really hydrate the scalp, or is it mainly for skin care? Hyaluronic acid can hydrate the scalp, but its effectiveness may vary.

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Clinics

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Experts

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35
SMP Specialist
Noelle Skin
Nice, France

Noelle Skin