This article reviews different generations of synthetic retinoids for dermatological use, discussing their efficacy and significant side effects, but reports no new clinical results.
127 citations
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July 2002 in “EMBO journal” This study found that RXRα/RARγ heterodimers are necessary for retinoic acid-induced keratinocyte proliferation in the skin, while normal epidermal maintenance does not require RAR-mediated signaling.
5 citations
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January 1993 in “PubMed” In this study, retinoic acid treatments induced glandular and feather formation in embryos by altering positional values and activating specific retinoic acid nuclear receptor gene expression.
4 citations
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May 2018 in “Electronic Journal of Biotechnology” This study found that all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) negatively affects hair growth by reducing goat dermal papilla cell viability and growth factor expression.
5 citations
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March 2019 in “Experimental dermatology” In this study involving adult mice, the researchers identified that double-stranded RNA-mediated activation of toll-like receptor 3 stimulates wound-induced hair neogenesis, potentially reflecting mechanisms used in facial rejuvenation treatments.