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Blood vessels and specific genes help turn cartilage into bone when bones heal.

Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.

Vitamin D and its receptor regulate skin functions like cell growth, immunity, hair cycle, and tumor prevention.

Nanoparticles improve drug delivery through the skin but more research is needed on their long-term effects and skin penetration challenges.

Effective treatments for male pattern baldness include oral finasteride and topical minoxidil, while topical minoxidil is best for female pattern baldness.

Guidelines for diagnosing common hair loss include detailed history, clinical examination, and various diagnostic techniques.

Patients with certain skin symptoms and high ANA titers should be monitored for potential systemic lupus.

Researchers developed promising agents for prostate cancer imaging, with the best one showing high potential for clinical use.

Laser device increases hair density, safe for treating hair loss in men and women.

Clobetasol propionate ointment can help some people with total hair loss regrow hair.

Use minoxidil for hair loss treatment; assess results after 6 months.

Alopecia areata is a common autoimmune disease affecting about 2% of people, causing significant disability and often associated with mental health issues and other autoimmune conditions.

Lupus affects the body and skin, causing joint pain and skin issues that can be treated with steroids and antimalarial drugs.

Telogen effluvium is a common type of hair loss that can resolve on its own or become chronic, with treatment depending on early diagnosis.

The document concludes that a better understanding of cell changes during wound healing could improve treatments for chronic wounds and other conditions.

Taxane chemotherapy can cause skin, hair, and nail side effects, which are often under-reported and can affect patient quality of life.

Hair follicles may soon be used more for targeted and systemic drug delivery.

Male hormones affect COVID-19 severity and certain drugs targeting these hormones could help reduce the risk.

Protoporphyrin IX is useful in cancer treatment but can cause health problems if not properly regulated.

Matriptase is crucial for keeping epithelial tissues healthy and functioning properly.

Horizontally sectioned scalp biopsies are more reliable for diagnosing hair loss in women when three samples are taken instead of one.

The document recommends using both clinical evaluation and various measurement methods to assess skin greasiness, considering factors like temperature and hormones.

Coal tar shampoos, salicylic acid, and topical corticosteroids are effective for scalp psoriasis, with Vitamin D3 analogues also showing benefits; severe cases may require stronger medication with more risks.

Foxp3 is crucial for regulatory T cell function, and targeting these cells may help treat immune disorders.

Diffuse alopecia in women may be related to androgens and iron deficiency, and basic hormone and nutrient screening is useful.

Particles around 100 nm can penetrate and stay in hair follicles without passing through healthy skin, making them safe for use in topical products and useful for targeted drug delivery.

Hair follicles produce and respond to melatonin, affecting hair growth and sensitivity to estrogen.

Modern lifestyles, including poor diet, stress, and long-term use of certain medications, hinder the body's ability to heal from inflammation, leading to chronic diseases.

The AUTS2 gene is linked to neurological disorders and may affect human brain development and cognition.

Minoxidil effectively treats hair loss, but use cautiously and monitor side effects.