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This paper reviews the differential diagnoses and diagnostic tests to distinguish alopecia areata from other types of hair loss, without providing new clinical findings.

This study analyzed trichoscopic features of discoid lupus erythematosus on the scalp in skin of color and found distinct patterns based on clinical morphology.

In this prospective study, 15 patients with patchy alopecia areata treated with intralesional methotrexate every two weeks showed a significant improvement in hair regrowth and reduction in lesion severity, with changes linked to decreased tissue levels of TNF-α.

In this study, researchers characterized the clinical features of ophiasis, an uncommon type of alopecia areata, and proposed a new subtype classification that may help predict treatment response and guide management, noting that ophiasis generally has a chronic and refractory nature.

In this case study, trichoscopy was found to be a valuable non-invasive tool for diagnosing dissecting cellulitis of the scalp, enabling early detection and intervention to prevent disease progression and reduce the need for invasive procedures.

Among female patients experiencing hair loss, this study found telogen effluvium to be the most common type, significantly linked to low ferritin levels, while traction alopecia was more prevalent among those wearing headscarves.

In this hospital-based cross-sectional study, researchers found that alopecia is more prevalent in younger patients, with alopecia areata and lichen planopilaris being the most common types among noncicatricial and cicatricial cases, respectively; additionally, thyroid abnormalities were frequently associated with both types of alopecia.

This study found that trichoscopy is highly effective for diagnosing different types of alopecia, showing an average diagnostic accuracy of 90–95%, with specific features aiding in differentiating forms like androgenetic alopecia and alopecia areata. New technologies and AI improve interpretation objectivity, suggesting expanded clinical integration.

This study found that Trichoscope can effectively reveal clinical features of alopecia areata and androgenic alopecia, making it a useful tool for diagnosis and monitoring.

This study observed that in a series of 28 patients with different types of alopecia, specific trichoscopic markers like exclamation-mark hairs and yellow dots helped distinguish alopecia areata from conditions like lichen planopilaris and discoid lupus erythematosus, which showed follicular ostia loss and white scarring.

In this observational study, researchers found that alopecia areata is associated with specific trichoscopic features, such as black dots, yellow dots, and vellus hair, and highlighted trichoptilosis as a potential overlap feature with other hair disorders, suggesting a need for further differentiation between these conditions.

In this institution-based randomized trial, oral betamethasone mini-pulse therapy for alopecia areata showed a faster therapeutic response compared to oral tofacitinib, as measured by trichoscopic changes and achievement of 50% hair regrowth.

This study found that specific dermoscopic markers, including yellow dots and black dots, are associated with poor prognosis in alopecia areata patients, while vellus hair indicates a more favorable outcome.

In this study, researchers characterized alopecia areata incognita in men, finding that all 29 male patients had concurrent androgenetic alopecia, and treatment with ultra-potent topical corticosteroids and minoxidil led to remission in 4-8 months.

This study involved using smartphone applications and low-cost trichoscopy devices to assess various hair and scalp conditions, with diagnoses confirmed through detailed imaging during remote consultations and in-person evaluations.

This study found that trichoscopy can be a helpful, noninvasive tool for identifying specific patterns that correlate with the clinical activity and severity of alopecia areata, enhancing its diagnosis and monitoring.

This study examined the clinical patterns and trichoscopic features of female pattern hair loss at a rural tertiary care hospital, but it does not report any specific results.

In this study, researchers reported that dermatoscopy effectively differentiates between various types of alopecia and scalp disorders, offering a fast, minimally invasive diagnostic method that improves the standard of care and reduces the necessity for scalp biopsies.

In this study, patients with Alopecia Areata showed significant clinical improvement after intralesional steroid treatment, as trichoscopic features like black dots and exclamation mark hairs decreased, while short vellus and circle hairs increased, highlighting Trichoscopy's utility in monitoring treatment response.

This study found topical finasteride and minoxidil both improved hair loss clinically and trichoscopically more effectively than spironolactone in women with female pattern hair loss.

Alopecia areata incognito in children can be effectively treated with triamcinolone acetonide and supplements, leading to full hair regrowth.

This study highlights the use of dermatoscopy as a valuable tool for diagnosing and monitoring alopecia areata, noting that specific hair shaft alterations such as exclamation-mark hairs and black dots are indicators of active disease, while vellus hairs signal early regrowth.

In this study, among 800 Pakistani patients with Alopecia Areata, the most common location for hair loss was the scalp (89.9%), with significant associations between age and various dermoscopic features like black dots and exclamation mark hairs.

In this study, both fractional carbon dioxide laser therapy and cryotherapy were found to be effective and safe for treating patchy alopecia areata, showing similar efficacy in improving hair growth compared to untreated control patches.

In this study, trichoscopy was identified as a valuable diagnostic tool for alopecia areata, revealing that specific hair features like yellow dots and short vellus hairs help assess disease activity and phase, with diagnosis relying on multiple combined signs rather than a single indicator.

This study found that line-field confocal optical coherence tomography correlates well with histopathological and dermoscopic findings in alopecia areata, suggesting it could be a useful diagnostic and monitoring tool for the condition.

In this study, 45 patients with advanced basal cell carcinoma treated with the medication sonidegib experienced a 24% incidence of alopecia, with detailed trichoscopic and LC-OCT examination revealing specific hair changes, suggesting LC-OCT might help identify early signs of alopecia from sonidegib use.

This study found that baricitinib significantly reduced hair loss in patients with severe alopecia areata, decreasing the mean SALT score from 96.6 to 48 over 24 weeks, with no patients dropping out and only mild adverse events in 12.7% of participants.

In this observational study, researchers found that acute telogen effluvium, a form of temporary hair loss, occurred in 80 patients following COVID-19 infection, with 70 showing a significant decrease in hair density and trichoscopic signs like peripilar sign and yellow dots.

In this study of alopecia areata patients, researchers reported that nail changes are significantly associated with severe disease, and dermoscopic analysis revealed a notable correlation between yellow dots and increased disease severity, with the condition primarily affecting young adults and more common in males.