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Testosterone therapy aims to treat hormone deficiencies and various conditions safely and effectively, but requires careful patient monitoring due to potential side effects.

Some growth factors, while important for normal body functions, can cause diseases when not regulated properly.

FGF9 controls which receptors it binds to through a process where two FGF9 molecules join, and changes in FGF9 can lead to incorrect receptor activation.

Minoxidil treatment increases aorta elasticity and reduces stiffness in aged mice, potentially helping with age-related heart issues.

Researchers found potential urine markers for polycystic ovary syndrome, including testosterone-glucuronide and 11α-hydroxyprogesterone, which may help diagnose the condition.

Hoxc13 is linked to seasonal hair growth in Cashmere goats and is affected by melatonin.

Finasteride reduces response to stress and rewards, affecting behavior and mental health.

Hair's strength and flexibility come from its protein structure and molecular interactions.

As of 1994, treatments for liver cancer had not significantly improved patient survival.

A gene mutation in mice causes permanent hair loss and skin issues.

The enzymes 5α-reductase and 3α/β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase help create brain-active substances from progesterone and testosterone, which could be used for treatment, but more research is needed to ensure their safety and effectiveness.

Quercetin-loaded nanoparticles can penetrate skin, minimize hair loss, and promote hair regrowth, showing slightly better results than a marketed product.

Increased HSD11B1 enzyme expression is linked to higher body fat and insulin resistance.

Cyproterone acetate is effective for treating hirsutism, but some patients may feel worse on low-dose maintenance therapy.

Finasteride effectively treats enlarged prostate and male baldness, improves symptoms of hirsutism in women, but doesn't work for acne, and may delay prostate cancer progression with few side effects.

The document concludes that more research is needed to fully understand the causes of PCOS.

Activating TSPO helps protect the retina from damage caused by high eye pressure in glaucoma.

Lipid-coated silica nanoparticles penetrate human skin more deeply than bare silica nanoparticles.

Stress hormones like cortisol may trigger psoriasis flare-ups.

Finasteride reduces movement issues in Parkinson's disease rats.

Giving immune serum from vaccinated mice to mice without T cells prevents infection and tumor growth.

The leaf extract of Leea indica may reduce inflammation, dissolve blood clots, and promote hair growth.

PRP and cell therapies may help with hair loss, but more research is needed.

The new gel improves skin delivery of a drug, potentially reducing dose frequency and side effects.

Children are at risk of health issues from exposure to platinum group elements from car exhausts.

Estrogens are key for bone growth spurts in both boys and girls and affect growth into adulthood.

LY320236 is a strong blocker of two enzymes that change testosterone into dihydrotestosterone and might help treat conditions related to male hormones.

Hair's structure and properties change with pH; acidic pH maintains strength and less swelling, while alkaline pH increases water content and swelling.

Certain spices may help prevent and treat skin cancer, but more human trials are needed.

A tough membrane between the outer and inner layers of human hair protects it from damage.