45 citations,
December 2006 in “Biopolymers” Permanent waving weakens hair by altering its protein structure.
9 citations,
June 1947 in “Analytical Chemistry” Cold waving solutions quickly reduce cystine to cysteine in hair.
January 2013 in “Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan” CMADK reduces hair damage from bleaching and permanent waving.
16 citations,
October 2003 in “Journal of applied polymer science” 2-iminothiorane hydrochloride improves hair waving permanence without damage.
53 citations,
July 2016 in “Cosmetics” Future hair cosmetics will be safer and more effective.
11 citations,
January 2000 in “Journal of cosmetic science” Hydrolyzed wheat proteins penetrate all hair types effectively.
4 citations,
August 2014 in “Journal of molecular structure” Chemical treatments on bleached black hair change its internal structure by breaking and reforming bonds, and treatments with hydrolyzed eggwhite protein help repair it.
3 citations,
June 2008 in “Springer eBooks” Hair care products clean, protect, style, color, and change hair structure.
3 citations,
January 2007 in “Journal of health science” The enzymatic method can effectively identify chemical treatments on hair.
3 citations,
October 2006 in “Journal of dermatology” X-ray microscopy can non-invasively show hair structure changes after treatments, but it's less detailed than TEM and needs improvement.
January 2013 in “프로그램북(구 초록집)” Hair perms or treatments seem safe to use up to 3 to 4 times during pregnancy.
Lightly perming scalp hair can lead to new hair growth, potentially treating baldness.
72 citations,
July 2003 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Frequent hair coloring and styling can damage hair and cause breakage or loss.
January 2013 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Microfibrils are key for permanent waves, and hydrolyzed keratin improves wave formation and hair condition.
2 citations,
January 2015 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Washing permed hair after using thioglycolic acid helps reform strong bonds, making hair stronger.
September 2020 in “Benha Journal of Applied Sciences” Protein hair straighteners damage the hair more than hair dyes.
63 citations,
August 1996 in “Forensic Science International” Cosmetic treatments like bleaching and perming can greatly reduce opiate levels in hair, possibly leading to false-negative drug tests.
36 citations,
August 2011 in “Journal of dermatological science” Human hair has a protective lipid layer that can be damaged by moisture and treatments, affecting hair growth and health.
29 citations,
August 2005 in “Biopolymers” L-cysteine slows down the breaking of bonds in hair due to electrostatic interactions.
13 citations,
January 2007 in “Epilepsia” Valproic acid can cause reversible hair curling and persistent hair thinning.
10 citations,
November 2012 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Certain diseases like AIDS and lupus can make African hair become silky.
8 citations,
October 2014 in “Journal of analytical toxicology.” Chemical hair straightening significantly reduces detectable drug levels in hair.
6 citations,
November 1988 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” The document concludes that hair analysis is not good for assessing nutrition but can detect long-term heavy metal exposure.
4 citations,
December 2018 in “Macedonian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering” A new method accurately measures amino acids in treated hair, showing bleaching reduces amino acids while protein treatments increase them.
4 citations,
January 2015 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Hair and wool strength is affected by the number and type of bonds in their protein structures, with hair having more protein aggregates than wool.
4 citations,
January 2007 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Permed hair degrades faster and shows more damage after protease treatment compared to untreated hair.
2 citations,
May 2002 in “Clinics in Dermatology” Ethnic differences in hair and skin are significant and under-researched, requiring tailored dermatologic treatments and more study.
1 citations,
June 2019 in “International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics” Nanostructured lipid carriers can effectively repair hair split-ends for over 3 days.
April 2023 in “Han'gug miyong haghoeji/Journal of the Korean society of cosmetology” Direct heat perms cause more damage to hair than softening heat perms.
January 2014 in “Sen i Gakkaishi” Liposome-encapsulated thioglycolic acid improves hair perming effectiveness and durability.