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The removal of the adrenal tumor improved the patient's symptoms and reduced androgen levels, indicating successful surgery.

This case report describes a 15-year-old girl with severe hyperandrogenaemia linked to both an ovarian androgen-secreting tumor and HAIR-AN syndrome, highlighting the complexity of diagnosing polycystic ovarian syndrome.

This case study reported a unique instance of a benign adrenal adenoma co-secreting cortisol and DHEA-S, which initially mimicked PCOS symptoms. Surgical removal resulted in significant clinical improvement, confirming the diagnosis of cyclic adrenal Cushing's syndrome.

This article discusses drugs with anti-androgenic effects and their mechanisms but reports no new research findings.

This article reviews the causes and treatments of hypertrichosis and hirsutism and reports no new clinical findings; the authors compare diagnostic strategies and discuss available treatment options.

This paper reviews hair loss associated with various endocrine disorders and describes both traditional and emerging non-invasive diagnostic methods without presenting any new clinical results.

This review outlines a diagnostic approach for identifying non-PCOS pathology in women with androgen excess, emphasizing the importance of clinical history and biochemical phenotyping but reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses the clinical forms and causes of androgenization in women, as well as therapeutic options, reporting success with antiandrogens like cyproterone acetate and spironolactone for skin symptoms, though results are not permanent.

This review discusses diagnostic and management approaches for hirsutism, emphasizing that most cases are due to polycystic ovary syndrome or obesity-related disorders, with idiopathic hirsutism often treated cosmetically.

This case report highlights the importance of considering an ovarian steroid cell tumor diagnosis in young women with increased testosterone after ruling out polycystic ovarian syndrome.

In this case series study, two Peruvian women with virilizing ovarian tumors called Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors showed clinical improvement and normalization of androgens after surgical treatment, highlighting the diagnostic challenge of these rare presentations at different ages.

This case report describes a 64-year-old woman with hirsutism who was found to have a borderline adrenocortical oncocytoma, successfully treated with adrenalectomy.

This article discusses the importance of routine karyotyping in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia, as it may reveal the presence of Turner syndrome and recommends early diagnosis and treatment; it reports no new clinical results.

Evaluate and manage androgen excess in women with a systematic approach, considering both physical and psychological impacts.

This case study reports a rare instance of a virilizing androgen-only secreting adrenal cortical adenoma in a 13-year-old, with symptom resolution after surgical removal.

This review discusses the impact, pathophysiology, and health risks of obesity and the metabolic syndrome in polycystic ovarian syndrome, emphasizing the potential life-saving benefits of recognition and treatment, but it reports no new results.

The study observed that women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia experience more impaired sexual functions and are more often homosexually or bisexually oriented than those with polycystic ovary syndrome.

This review discusses the definition of polycystic ovary syndrome proposed by the AE-PCOS Society Task Force, emphasizing hyperandrogenism, ovarian dysfunction, and excluding related disorders, while noting potential variations needing more research.

This retrospective study found that serum hormone levels and MRI detection of ovarian nodules contributed to distinguishing virilizing ovarian tumors from ovarian stromal hyperthecosis in postmenopausal women, though histopathology remains crucial for diagnosis.

This review discusses polycystic ovary syndrome, emphasizing its broad range of manifestations and associations with risks like type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular events, but reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses the evolution of diagnostic criteria for polycystic ovary syndrome and emphasizes its association with various metabolic and cardiovascular risks, but it provides no new research findings.

This article discusses the association of acne with various systemic diseases, emphasizing the role of androgen steroids, insulin resistance, and inflammation in acne pathogenesis, but it reports no new clinical results.

Acne is linked to inflammation and insulin resistance, and is associated with various syndromes that require different treatments.

This study found that among women with polycystic ovary syndrome, higher age, obesity, hirsutism, and having children were independently associated with increased metabolic risk.

This article reviews the clinical features, diagnostic criteria, and possible genetic and environmental influences of polycystic ovary syndrome but provides no new research findings.

This review emphasizes the need for comprehensive guidelines to address the cardiometabolic and psychological features of polycystic ovary syndrome, alongside its reproductive aspects, and reports no new results.

This review discusses the hypothesis that polycystic ovary syndrome may originate in fetal life due to prenatal androgen exposure, but reports no new clinical results.

This article reviews the diagnosis and treatment approaches for cutaneous manifestations of PCOS, reporting on various treatment options without presenting new clinical results.

This study found that in young Taiwanese women with PCOS, low sex hormone-binding globulin levels were associated with low HDL cholesterol levels, independent of insulin resistance and obesity.

In this study, elevated afamin concentrations were associated with metabolic syndrome in young women, particularly those with insulin resistance, suggesting a potential predictive role for afamin in metabolic risk assessment.