The researchers reported that a combined oral minoxidil-finasteride regimen significantly improved hair density in men with androgenetic alopecia over 12 months, although further confirmation in different trials is suggested.
June 2024 in “Dermatology and therapy” This review suggests that low-dose oral minoxidil may be a safe option for treating hair disorders in children, while moderate and high doses may not be safe.
May 2024 in “Skin research and technology” This study used Mendelian randomization analysis to identify Scyllo-inositol and Alpha-ketoglutarate as potential protective factors and Heme and 2-palmitoylglycerophosphocholine as risk factors for androgenic alopecia, suggesting a causal link between these metabolites and the condition.
March 2024 in “Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine” This study found that a hair tonic containing 1% teak leaf extract significantly increased hair growth and user satisfaction in men with androgenic alopecia after 24 weeks, without causing adverse effects, and was comparable to the standard treatment, minoxidil.
December 2023 in “Medicine and Materials” This study reviewed the use of essential oils in cosmetics and highlighted that while chamomile, rosemary, and geranium oils can be applied directly to the skin when diluted, most essential oils require caution due to potential dermatological reactions.
December 2023 in “European Journal of Pharmacology” This study found that Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and Vitisin A were able to penetrate mouse skin and improve issues related to hair follicle miniaturization and apoptosis in androgenetic alopecia, suggesting these compounds as potential alternative treatments for hair loss.
September 2023 in “Medicine” In this case report, a 41-year-old man with moderate androgenic alopecia showed an increase in hair density and improvements in hair characteristics after using Zimmer aqueous spray containing Zimmer herbal extract powder for 3 months, suggesting its potential as an alternative treatment for hair loss.
January 2020 in “Korean journal of ophthalmology/Korean Journal of Ophthalmology” This study found that minoxidil increases trabecular meshwork cell permeability, possibly via the downregulation of tight junction proteins and the generation of reactive oxygen species.
September 2025 in “Crystal Growth & Design” This study investigated the morphology and growth mechanisms of spherical crystal aggregates of minoxidil in various alcoholic solvents, finding that a n-butanol–ethyl acetate mixture produces unique spherulite aggregates with improved powder characteristics.
658 citations
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June 2003 in “Endocrine reviews” This review discusses the role of androgens in the progression of cardiovascular disease and explores novel therapeutic targets without reporting new clinical results.
September 2025 in “Clinical Case Reports” This case report identified a possible adverse effect of low-dose oral minoxidil for female pattern hair loss, as a 74-year-old woman developed significant dry mouth that resolved after stopping the medication and recurred upon rechallenge, suggesting a causal link.
This article discusses the rising use of low-dose oral minoxidil for androgenetic alopecia and mentions common side effects like hypertrichosis, but provides no new clinical findings.
6 citations
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April 2013 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study reports that spironolactone use was associated with a decreased risk of developing rosacea compared to other diuretics, particularly in current users without previous androgenic skin disease diagnoses.
28 citations
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January 2018 in “Biochemical Society Transactions” This review explores the role of fatty acids and bioactive lipid mediators in skin health and suggests targeting this metabolic network to control inflammation and improve skin conditions, but it reports no new findings.
24 citations
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January 2017 in “Journal of Cutaneous and Aesthetic Surgery” In this pilot study, botulinum toxin was found to be a safe and effective treatment for androgenetic alopecia in most participants, though larger studies are needed to confirm these findings.
17 citations
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April 1972 in “PubMed” Minoxidil lowers blood pressure and spreads throughout the body in normal rats.
15 citations
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February 2017 in “International Journal of Women's Dermatology” This source summarizes discussions by an advisory board of twelve experts on hair loss, focusing on heredity, aging, and environmental impacts, and emphasizing strategies that may slow alopecia.
13 citations
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November 2017 in “Neurotoxicity research/Neurotoxicity resarch” This study found that sodium metabisulfite activates sodium channels and increases cellular excitability and excitotoxicity in both cardiomyocyte and neuron models, which exacerbates seizures and neuronal damage in rats.
9 citations
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April 2019 in “Biomolecules & Therapeutics” This study found that udenafil-treated adipose-derived stem cells accelerated hair growth in mice by enhancing stem cell activity and growth factor secretion through the ERK and NFκB pathways.
7 citations
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March 2021 in “Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine” This study found that Nelumbinis Semen extract may promote hair growth and reduce hair loss by increasing VEGF and IGF-1 expression and decreasing TGF-β1 in human dermal papilla cells and mice.
4 citations
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February 2024 in “Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine” The study observed that Tai Chi and Wuqinxi, when combined with antihypertensive medication, might be particularly effective in lowering systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively, suggesting they could be prioritized as treatment options.
3 citations
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September 2023 in “Cosmetics” This study found that training in a hypoxic chamber did not significantly impact skin features in overweight and obese women, though it did result in a notable reduction in body weight and BMI.
3 citations
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January 2023 in “Agronomy” This research reported that KDML105 bran extract demonstrated antioxidant activities, reduced nitric oxide production, and influenced gene expression related to the hair cycle in cultured dermal papilla cells, suggesting potential as an anti-hair loss agent by supporting the anagen phase and angiogenesis.
1 citations
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November 2023 in “Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine” In this study, a topical Ashwagandha serum significantly improved hair growth, density, thickness, and quality of life in adults with mild to moderate hair loss compared to a placebo, demonstrating potential as an effective and safer alternative treatment for alopecia.
1 citations
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September 2022 in “Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine” In this study, Gardenia florida fruit extract promoted hair growth in vitro and in vivo by enhancing hair growth-promoting gene expression and increasing hair follicle number, size, and depth in mice.
August 2024 in “Aesthetic Plastic Surgery” In this study, injecting foreskin-derived mesenchymal stromal cell exosomes into the scalps of men with androgenetic alopecia significantly increased hair density and patient satisfaction without side effects over a 12-week period.
January 2024 in “Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications” This study found that electronically-operated pneumatic injections for administering a peptide-hyaluronic acid combination were well tolerated and led to significant improvement in hair density and thickness for men with androgenic alopecia over six months, though the exact mechanism remains uncertain.
April 2015 in “Andrology” This special issue contains abstracts from the ASA 40th Annual Meeting, providing an overview of various studies without reporting new primary results.
May 2024 in “Indian Journal of Pharmacology” In this case report, an 11-year-old girl with alopecia totalis initially treated with minoxidil experienced hypertrichosis, which reversed upon stopping the medication; hair regrowth on the scalp was achieved with tofacitinib after minoxidil discontinuation.
February 2026 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” In this narrative review, researchers found preliminary evidence suggesting that minoxidil, both topical and oral, may enhance nail growth and improve nail strength and appearance, though more extensive studies are needed to confirm its efficacy and safety for this off-label use.