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New targets for making and using brain-synthesized steroids could lead to better treatments for brain disorders and alcoholism.

Particles around 100 nm can penetrate and stay in hair follicles without passing through healthy skin, making them safe for use in topical products and useful for targeted drug delivery.

No single treatment is consistently effective for alopecia areata, and more research is needed.

Asia has made significant progress in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, but wider clinical use requires more development.

Trilostane effectively and safely treats dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism, improving symptoms and adrenal gland size.

TSH is usually the only test needed to check thyroid function in primary care.

Eflornithine cream effectively reduces women's unwanted facial hair but hair returns if treatment stops.

Men, especially older ones with health issues like prostate cancer, may have worse COVID-19 outcomes and could benefit from therapies targeting male hormones.

Finasteride lowers risk of urinary issues and surgery by over 50% in 4 years.

Finasteride improves chronic pelvic pain, saw palmetto doesn't.

Minoxidil helps hair growth in 63.6% of alopecia patients, with 27.3% having excellent results.

FGF signaling is a promising target for developing treatments for wounds, metabolic diseases, and cancer.

Thymus transplantation successfully restored immune function in infants with FOXN1 deficiency.

5α-reductase is essential for male sexual development and its inhibitors have potential in treating various conditions related to hormone action.

Voriconazole can cause serious side effects, especially in long-term use.

Finasteride effectively treats hidradenitis suppurativa for most patients.

A very low-calorie ketogenic diet is effective for quick weight loss and improving health in obese patients, with careful management of side effects and maintenance.

Hair elemental analysis could be useful for health and exposure assessment but requires more standardization and research.

Nutraceuticals may improve skin health and protect against aging, but more research is needed on their optimal use and possible health risks.

Spironolactone most effective for hirsutism, but has side effects.

The conclusion is that early diagnosis and a multi-system treatment approach are crucial for managing PCOS and its associated health risks.

Finasteride may reduce prostate bleeding by lowering blood vessel growth factor levels and blood vessel density in certain prostate areas.

Taking 1 mg/day finasteride for hair loss significantly lowers PSA levels in men, which may affect prostate cancer screening.

New antifungal treatments for a children's scalp infection are effective and safe, but it's not decided if they will become the preferred option over the old treatment.

New hormonal contraceptives are safer, have fewer side effects, and offer health benefits for women.

Targeted cancer therapies often cause skin reactions, so dermatologists must manage these effects.

The document concludes that specific itchy skin diseases during pregnancy have varying fetal risks and treatments, including corticosteroids and other medications.

Cholesterol sulfate buildup due to a genetic mutation disrupts the skin barrier, leading to the scaling skin seen in X-linked ichthyosis.

Pregnancy can increase lupus activity, but careful planning and treatment can improve outcomes.

Gynecologists should provide comprehensive care for transgender patients, including mental health evaluation, hormone therapy, and surgical options, while monitoring for side effects and ensuring patient safety.