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The document concludes that the human keratin gene cluster is complex, with a need for updated naming to reflect over 50 functional genes important for hair and skin biology.

Hair stiffness is higher when it has more para-like cortical cells.

The article explains the genetic causes and symptoms of various hair disorders and highlights the need for more research to find treatments.

Hair's strength and flexibility come from its protein structure and molecular interactions.

Hair in mammals likely evolved from glandular structures, not scales.

Bald thigh syndrome in sighthounds is caused by structural defects in hair shafts due to downregulated genes and proteins.

Goat skin changes with the seasons due to genes affected by daylight and hormones.

Curved human hair has different structures on each side, which might cause its shape and is similar to wool.

The KRTAP21-2 gene affects wool length and quality in sheep.

Future hair cosmetics will be safer and more effective.

Nanomaterials can improve hair care products and treatments, including hair loss and alopecia, by enhancing stability and safety, and allowing controlled release of compounds, but their safety in cosmetics needs more understanding.

The skin systems of jawed vertebrates evolved diverse appendages like hair and scales from a common structure over 420 million years ago.

Uterine leiomyomas don't significantly change gene expression in the scalp of people with Central Centrifugal Cicatricial Alopecia.

The nanohybrid system significantly improved wound healing and showed strong antibacterial activity.

UV radiation damages hair by creating holes and peeling cuticle layers.

Researchers found genes for cysteine-rich proteins that form the protective layer of hair in humans and sheep.

IGF-1 increases whisker growth in transgenic mice.

Two specific hair keratin genes are active during hair growth and decline as hair transitions to rest.

Researchers found a new gene, hacl-1, that is active in mouse hair follicles during hair growth and may be important for hair biology.

Hormones and their receptors, especially androgens, play a key role in hair growth and disorders like baldness.

Hair problems can be caused by genetics or the environment, and treatment should focus on the cause and reducing hair damage.

S100A3 protein is crucial for hair shaft formation in mice.

Mice are useful for researching human hair loss and testing treatments, despite some differences between species.

Oral zinc sulphate reduces dark hair color in mice.

Removing external lipids from hair reduces moisture and increases strength, while removing internal lipids decreases water permeability.

Stem cell therapy is a promising approach for hair regrowth despite potential side effects.

16-MHA can restore the barrier and moisture of damaged hair, making it similar to undamaged hair.

The most effective treatments for hair loss are minoxidil, finasteride, PRP, and hair transplants, with steroids and immunosuppressants for autoimmune types.

Different hair care practices and conditions affect African American hair and scalp health, requiring specialized knowledge for treatment.

Annurca apple extract may protect mouse hair from damage by chemotherapy and could help treat hair loss without promoting cancer growth.