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The document concludes that the human keratin gene cluster is complex, with a need for updated naming to reflect over 50 functional genes important for hair and skin biology.

Different combinations of human hair keratins affect how hair fibers form.

Keratin proteins in epithelial cells are dynamic and crucial for cell processes and disease understanding.

Disulfide bonds in keratin fibers break more easily under stress, especially when wet, affecting fiber strength.

PGA-4HGF may help treat hair loss by activating hair growth pathways and extending the hair growth phase.

Keratins are important for skin cell health and their problems can cause diseases.

Human hair contains diverse proteins, including keratins and histones, which could help assess hair health and aging.

An apple-based supplement was found to stimulate hair protein production, which may help with hair growth.

Hair proteins have weak spots in their α-helical segments.

Proteins influence the quality and traits of cashmere goat fleece, affecting hair strength and diameter.

Proteins like BSA and keratin can effectively style hair and protect it, offering eco-friendly alternatives to chemical products.

Mutations in specific keratin genes cause improper hair structure in mice due to faulty keratin protein assembly.

Different hair types in mammals are linked to variations in specific protein genes, with changes influenced by their living environments.

Keratin is crucial for keeping skin cells healthy and its changes can lead to diseases and affect cell behavior.

New treatments targeting specific genes show promise for treating keratin disorders.

Keratin proteins are crucial for healthy skin, but mutations can cause skin disorders with no effective treatments yet.

K16 can partially replace K14 but causes hair loss and skin issues.

Certain gene mutations are linked to wool quality in sheep and could help in breeding for better wool.

Cysteine helps maintain keratin production in skin cells even when iron is low.

Keratin gene expression helps understand different types of skin cells and their development, and should be used carefully as biological markers.

Keratin proteins are essential for keeping the cells in the human colon healthy and stable.

Scientists successfully created mouse hair proteins in the lab, which are stable and similar to natural hair.

Hair growth is controlled by specific gene clusters and proteins, and cysteine affects hair gene expression in sheep.

Keratin proteins are crucial for hair growth and structure.

Keratin proteins are increasingly recognized as important for cell health and are linked to many diseases.

Hair and nail cells share similar proteins, indicating a common differentiation pathway.

Recombinant keratins can form useful structures for medical applications, overcoming natural keratin limitations.

Cysteine-rich keratins evolved independently in mammals, reptiles, and birds for hard skin structures like hair, claws, and feathers.

STAT3 signaling is important for healthy skin and hair follicles, and its disruption can lead to skin conditions like atopic dermatitis.

Epidermolysis bullosa simplex causes easily blistered skin due to faulty skin cell proteins, leading to new treatment ideas.