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Metformin helps manage polycystic ovary syndrome by improving insulin resistance and ovulation, but more research is needed on its full effects.

Rapamycin may help treat Leigh syndrome by targeting protein kinase C.

Alk1 in specific cells is crucial for proper nerve branching and hair function.

PCOS increases sexual pain distress in infertile women.

Topical finasteride is an effective and safer treatment for male hair loss.

Alopecia significantly impacts mental health and quality of life, requiring psychological support.

Pitx2 helps outer root sheath cells differentiate but can't start hair growth on its own.

Most women with PCOS use positive coping strategies, but some with more psychological stress use negative ones.

Hormonal therapy changes skin and hair in transgender patients, who need better researched dermatologic care.

Many women experience sexual dysfunction, but few seek help, and better treatment and medical training are needed.

PCOS lowers quality of life, causing issues like obesity, infertility, and menstrual problems.

Melatonin may protect inner ear cells from damage by reducing cell death and oxidative stress, potentially treating sudden hearing loss.

The conclusion suggests that PCOS may persist due to genetic traits that, while harmful for female fertility, could have provided survival and reproductive benefits to males.

Minoxidil can stop the growth of ovarian cancer cells without harming the heart.

Heat-treated Limosilactobacillus fermentum with menthol, salicylic acid, and panthenol promotes hair growth and balances scalp microbiome in people with androgenetic alopecia.

Scientists turned mouse stem cells into skin cells that can grow into skin layers and structures.

Greater intimacy leads to better self-reported health in couples having infertility treatment.

Modulating Cytochrome P450 activity could help develop new skin disease treatments.

Thymosin β4 helps increase hair growth in Cashmere goats.

The document concludes that accurate diagnosis of male and female gonadal disorders is crucial for effective treatment and better patient outcomes.

Finasteride can reduce fertility in some men, but stopping it increases sperm count.

Hormonal changes and psychological issues can cause sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women. Behavioral therapy is recommended first, with hormone replacement helping some symptoms but not libido. Testosterone can improve libido, but its effects on overall sexual function are unclear. Emotional and relationship issues should be addressed before using medication, and the benefits and risks of testosterone supplementation should be considered.

Hair grays due to oxidative stress and fewer functioning melanocytes.

More East Asians are accepting and getting facial plastic surgery, with a focus on natural-looking results and using both surgical and nonsurgical methods.

Male genital development is driven by androgen signaling and understanding it could help address congenital anomalies.

Secondary syphilis in Cali, Colombia, shows high Treponema pallidum presence and challenges in early diagnosis, needing better public health strategies.

Humans lost body hair relatively recently in evolution.

ATP-sensitive K+ channel subunits, particularly Sur2A, play a significant role in various cancers.

The document concludes that while significant progress has been made in understanding skin biology and stem cells, more research is needed to fully understand their interactions with their environment.

Skin and its underlying fat layer act together to resist mechanical stress, and reinforcing this composite structure may help more with anti-aging than just strengthening the skin alone.