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This overview examines the biology, origin, structure, and function of various cells and structures, such as the blood-retinal barrier and Merkel cells, and discusses their roles in disease pathogenesis, along with recent findings related to the lymph nodes' paracortex.

In this study, CD4+ non-haematopoietic, skin-resident stem cell-like populations were identified in both murine and human epidermis, suggesting they may serve as potential basal cell carcinoma precursors.

This review highlights the roles of key transcription factors and signaling pathways in regulating olfactory epithelium regeneration, discussing recent advances in single-cell and spatial transcriptomics as well as organoid models to enhance understanding of olfactory regeneration mechanisms.

This study used integrated single-cell chromatin and transcriptomic analyses in developing mouse skin to uncover gene networks involved in skin lineage specification and identified Mef2c+ upper fibroblasts as potential precursors to certain muscle-like structures, with cross-species findings in human skin.

This study found that Fraser's Dolphin, a tight-skinned mammal, can regenerate complex skin architecture with minimal scarring after large full-thickness wounds, even in high-tension environments, offering insights into regenerative healing mechanisms typically obscured by fibrotic responses.

In this study using mouse models, researchers found that elevated IL-17a in aged olfactory epithelium impairs olfactory function, while IL-17a inhibition promotes regeneration and mitigates age-related decline.

This study identifies key transcriptomic features and a necessary dermal niche for eccrine gland development, advancing potential regenerative approaches for these vital skin appendages.

This study found that overexpressing Rps14 in supporting cells promoted hair cell regeneration in the organ of Corti by facilitating cell proliferation and differentiation.

This study found that the HoxC gene cluster is crucial for the development of hair and nails in mice, with key regulation by two mammalian-specific enhancers.

This dissertation reported that the loss of Ovol2 impairs hair follicle regeneration and wound repair in mice, highlighting its role in regulating directional migration of epithelial cells.

In this study, Sox13 was identified as a novel marker for early hair follicle development and differentiation in mice, though it appears to be dispensable for overall epidermal and adnexal development.

In this study, transgenic mice expressing a truncated form of latent transforming growth factor-β-binding protein exhibited altered hair cycles due to increased active transforming growth factor-β, impacting keratinocyte proliferation and hair cycle phases.

In this study, a synthetic antagonist of the p75 neurotrophin receptor was found to significantly inhibit hair follicle regression in murine skin cultures, suggesting a potential role in treating hair disorders characterized by premature catagen entry.

This study on mice found that activating TRPML channels with MLSA1 promoted hair regeneration, accelerated hair cycle transition, and influenced human dermal papilla cells to secrete hair growth promoting factors while reducing hair growth inhibitors and oxidative damage.

This study found that the combination of TTNPB and CHIR99021 enhanced the derivation of highly advanced neural stem cells from human pluripotent stem cells, with improved chromatin accessibility and neuroectodermal gene expression, and these cells successfully engrafted in rat hippocampi to ameliorate depression-like symptoms.

This study found that the long non-coding RNA lnc056 promotes the proliferation of hair follicle stem cells by upregulating TRIP6 expression through interaction with the transcription factor HNRNPUL1, suggesting a potential target for hair loss treatment.

In this study, researchers found that overexpression of LncRNA RP11-818O24.3 in hair follicle stem cells promotes their proliferation, self-renewal, and differentiation while inhibiting apoptosis through the FGF2-mediated PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, suggesting potential therapeutic applications for hair loss treatment.

This study found that genetic ablation of Tslp in an AEC mutant mouse model reduced skin inflammation and improved survival, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits for AEC syndrome patients.

This study suggests that KRTAP2-3 may serve as a novel biomarker to identify cells in the polyaneuploid cancer cell state, which is linked to therapy resistance and poor prognosis in prostate cancer.

This study demonstrates that the trichohyalin gene is located at chromosomal region 1q21, where several other genes related to epidermal differentiation also map.

In this study, researchers overexpressed Lrig3 in mouse skin and observed hair loss linked to changes in skin protein profiles and signaling pathways, suggesting a potential role for Lrig3 in maintaining skin homeostasis.

This study suggests that autophagy is essential for regulating TLR3-mediated regenerative processes in human keratinocytes.

This study suggests that Mrp3 may play a role in both wound healing and the hair follicle cycle as a growth factor and/or angiogenesis factor.

This review discusses the potential regulation of signal transduction pathways by microRNAs in animal cells, aiming to identify biological processes that may be influenced by miRNA-mediated regulation, but it reports no new experimental outcomes.

This study found that differentiated airway epithelial cells can revert into functional stem cells in vivo, suggesting a more general role for this dedifferentiation process in tissue regeneration in higher vertebrates.

This study found that TRPA1-deficient mice exhibited normal cold sensitivity but had decreased mechanical response in nociceptors, suggesting TRPA1's role in mechanotransduction.

Understanding where cancer cells come from helps create better prevention and treatment methods.

This study found that Wnt signalling activates hair follicle fate in hair follicle stem cells by relieving TCF3/4–TLE-mediated repression, with β-catenin being crucial for this process.

This review explores the mechanisms of adult stem cell self-renewal, using skin as a model, and reports no new results but raises important unanswered questions in the field.