25 citations,
June 2017 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” Using anabolic androgenic steroids can cause serious, lasting health problems in many parts of the body.
18 citations,
May 2014 in “Menopause” A 5 mg dose of transdermal testosterone cream effectively restores testosterone levels in postmenopausal women.
46 citations,
January 2008 in “Climacteric” Testosterone therapy can help improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but may cause side effects and is not FDA-approved for this use.
12 citations,
March 2017 in “Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” Testosterone therapy can modestly improve sexual function in menopausal women but should be used cautiously and is not recommended for routine measurement in sexual dysfunction or hirsutism.
6 citations,
September 2005 in “Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy” Androgen therapy can help with symptoms like low libido in women, but more research is needed to understand its long-term safety and effects on health.
10 citations,
February 2008 in “International Journal of Andrology” A combination of nanomilled oral testosterone and dutasteride normalized testosterone levels in men with low testosterone and is safe for short-term use.
77 citations,
June 2015 in “Nature Reviews Urology” Some common medications can harm male fertility, but many effects can be reversed.
54 citations,
February 1993 in “Endocrine reviews” Androgen conjugates might be better indicators of skin sensitivity to hormones in women with excessive hair growth.
166 citations,
October 2018 in “Endocrine Reviews” Hormone treatments for transgender individuals generally improve mental health and physical transition, with some health risks that require medical supervision.
77 citations,
May 2012 in “Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs” New treatments for male hypogonadism are effective and should be personalized.
66 citations,
October 2013 in “Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity” The conclusion is that published guidelines are improving transgender medical care, but more research and education in transgender medicine are needed.
2 citations,
December 2020 in “Phytomedicine plus” Taking Saw palmetto and Pygeum africana can change the levels of certain steroids in urine, which could cause confusion in doping tests.
38 citations,
February 2005 in “The journal of sexual medicine” The testosterone patch and gel are both effective, but they have different absorption patterns and effects on hormone levels.
31 citations,
September 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Testosterone therapy may slightly improve sexual function in postmenopausal women, but its long-term safety is unknown.
176 citations,
August 2000 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Hormone treatments in transsexual individuals reduce hair growth and oil production in male-to-females and increase them in female-to-males.
36 citations,
January 2014 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Testosterone may help increase sexual events for women with low libido due to antidepressants.
5 citations,
June 2004 in “The Journal of The British Menopause Society” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual satisfaction and mood in surgically menopausal women when used with estrogen, but its long-term safety and effects on naturally menopausal and premenopausal women are unclear.
10 citations,
January 2019 in “Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone therapy may slightly increase sexual desire in women with HSDD but lacks broad recommendation due to safety concerns and limited approval.
January 2014 in “Side effects of drugs annual” Exposure to certain sex hormones can increase health risks, while some hormone therapies may offer benefits for specific conditions.
57 citations,
December 2018 in “JAMA Surgery” Hormone treatment for transgender patients may not need to be stopped before surgery, but more research is needed, especially on estrogen.
3 citations,
January 2011 in “Female pelvic medicine & reconstructive surgery” Hormones significantly affect women's sexual function, and more research is needed to improve treatments for sexual dysfunction with minimal side effects.
61 citations,
January 2017 in “Human Reproduction Open” The review recommends hormone replacement therapy for women with premature ovarian insufficiency to manage symptoms and protect health, with specific approaches for different groups.
19 citations,
December 2021 in “Endocrine Reviews” There are various effective hormone treatments for puberty induction in boys and girls with hypogonadism, and starting treatment early is important.
October 2022 in “Springer eBooks” The document concludes that personalized hormonal treatments are important for transgender individuals and more research is needed for non-binary treatments.
417 citations,
February 2004 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone therapy increases bone density in older men with low testosterone levels.
49 citations,
February 2009 in “Maturitas” Short-term testosterone therapy in women seems safe with few mild side effects, but long-term effects need more research.
77 citations,
November 2007 in “International Journal of Andrology” Testosterone with or without finasteride doesn't improve thinking skills in older men with low testosterone.
2 citations,
September 2007 in “International Journal of Impotence Research” Local testosterone treatment improved sexual desire in a female with fragile X syndrome.
March 2004 in “Current Sexual Health Reports” Testosterone's role in women's sex drive is unclear and needs more research, as low levels don't always mean less sexual interest and high levels can cause side effects.
124 citations,
March 2012 in “JAMA” Testosterone's muscle-building effects do not require its conversion to DHT.