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This review examines misconceptions and gaps in the understanding of androgenic alopecia (AGA) etiopathogenesis, offering new perspectives but no new experimental results.

This study found that Lespedeza cuneata aqueous extract reduced serum dihydrotestosterone levels and 5α-reductase mRNA expression in testosterone-induced prostatic hyperplasia in rats, suggesting potential as a treatment for prostatic hyperplasia.

Over 50% of women over 50 experience hair loss, with minoxidil being the only proven effective treatment.

In this study, women with androgenic alopecia showed increased excretion of steroid metabolites and heightened 5α-reductase activity, suggesting these may contribute to the condition's hormonal abnormalities.

This study found that there is a low prevalence and wide variability in U.S. insurance coverage for ancillary gender surgeries, with specific criteria often required for favorable coverage.

This study found that male 5α-reductase 2 knockout mice showed deficits in social dominance behaviors and reduced dopamine receptor binding in a brain region related to social ranking.

This study highlights that lower testosterone in men and higher testosterone in women are linked to increased risks of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes, with associated skin diseases indicating potential cardiovascular complications.

This study found that low doses of bisphenol A may increase proliferation of the ventral prostate in adult rats by altering the estrogen to androgen ratio and gene expression.

This study explored how modifying the 8-substituent of 8-bromobenzoquinolinone affects its selectivity in inhibiting both 5 alpha-reductase isozymes in the scalp.

This study found that inhibiting 5α-reductase in molluscs provokes a specific shell morphology, suggesting gastropods might have unique 5α-reductase substrates absent in vertebrates.

This study found that male and female chicken feather morphology and color patterns can be extrinsically modified through molting and resetting the stem cell niche during regeneration.

This study observed that direct exposure to androgens in Western clawed frogs differentially affects thyroid receptor and deiodinase gene expression in male and female tissues, offering insight into sex-specific metabolic pathway activation.

This study found that progesterone levels were higher and increased significantly throughout pregnancy, contrasting with stable levels in non-pregnant women.

This study in male mice found that testosterone provides strong protection against skin necrosis after ischemia, working through its estrogenic and androgenic derivatives to enhance skin survival and revascularization, with 17β-estradiol being notably more effective than dihydrotestosterone.

This study found that sulforaphane treatment enhanced hair regeneration in ob/ob mice by increasing DHT-degrading enzyme levels and lowering plasma testosterone and DHT.

This study found that anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a valuable primary variable for classifying functional androgenization, especially in distinguishing ovarian-related groups, and supports the novel stratification system.

Saw palmetto extract can block the enzyme that converts testosterone in pig prostate cells.

Male hormones control a specific gene in hamster skin, with different hormones having varying effects.

In this study, gender-affirming hormonal treatment was associated with increased hair growth, acne, and alopecia prevalence in transgender individuals assigned female at birth, while opposite dermatological changes were observed in those assigned male at birth.

This study found that testosterone may promote glioblastoma progression by being converted into dihydrotestosterone, which enhances cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in GBM cell lines.

This study found that dihydrotestosterone (DHT) suppresses prostaglandin E2 and TGF-β induced IGF-I gene promoter activity in osteoblasts, suggesting complex interactions among bone growth regulators and potential complications from anabolic steroid use.

This study found that LY320236 is a competitive inhibitor of type I and a non-competitive inhibitor of type II steroid 5alpha-reductase, indicating its potential as a dual inhibitor with differing modes of activity.

This study reported that 5 alpha-reductase type 2 is the predominant enzyme in pubic skin fibroblasts across normal men, women, and hirsute patients, suggesting potential treatment options for idiopathic hirsutism.

In this animal study, topical diazoxide treatment led to increased hair thickness and follicle growth in bald stumptailed macaques without causing notable systemic side effects.

In this study, patients with polycystic ovary syndrome self-reported higher hirsutism scores compared to clinician assessments, but only clinician scores correlated with biochemical markers of hyperandrogenism.

Minocycline may cause hair loss by increasing DHT levels, but finasteride can help counteract this effect.

In this study, children with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia were found to have increased epicardial fat thickness, which was associated with subclinical atherosclerosis markers and left ventricular dysfunction, especially in poorly controlled cases.

This study describes a method to estimate endogenous hormone production by neutralizing an endogenous hormone with an oppositely acting hormone.

This animal study found that berberine may alleviate benign prostatic hyperplasia by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress through inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway.

This study suggests that in gilthead seabream, DHT is involved in the onset of the meiotic phase of spermatogenesis and influences serum levels of E2 through regulation of aromatase activity.