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This study reported that transgenic mice with targeted TNF alpha expression in keratinocytes showed impaired weight gain, retarded hair growth, and skin changes, leading to cachexia and necrosis.

This article discusses adverse immune-mediated skin reactions associated with TNF-alpha inhibitors, highlighting paradoxical reactions such as psoriasis that occur despite being treated with medications intended to alleviate the condition.

This study found that psoriatic skin lesions commonly express the cytokines IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha along with a moderate presence of the antimicrobial protein defensin.

In this study, 30 patients with alopecia areata received intralesional methotrexate injections, resulting in significant hair regrowth and decreased levels of lesional TNF-α after three months, suggesting its effectiveness as a treatment.

In this study, TNF- inhibited hair growth in cultured human hair follicles, while minoxidil did not counteract this effect or stimulate growth.

In this study, only 1 out of 5 patients with anti-TNF-α induced psoriasiform eruptions showed good response to topical treatment, while systemic therapy and discontinuation of anti-TNF-α may prevent scarring alopecia in severe cases.

In this study, women with polycystic ovary syndrome showed significantly higher levels of DHEA, IL-6, and TNF-α compared to healthy controls, indicating a possible link between these biomarkers and PCOS.

In this study, PKCepsilon transgenic mice showed increased TNFalpha shedding during skin tumor promotion, which may contribute to the development of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma.

This study suggests that the TNF-α system may contribute to hyperandrogenism, obesity, and insulin resistance in polycystic ovarian syndrome, independent of the C850T polymorphism.

This study found that hair shaft miniaturization in aging and genetic hypotrichosis leads to hair follicle stem cell loss through mechanical compression and apoptosis mediated by the Piezo1 channel.

This study describes a distinctive hair loss pattern with features of psoriasis and alopecia areata linked to TNF-α inhibitors, noting various management options despite the lack of consensus guidelines.

This study found no increased frequency of the TNF2 allele in Mexican patients with adverse cutaneous drug reactions mediated by delayed hypersensitivity, suggesting its lower relevance compared to findings in Caucasian populations.

This study found that oral pulse steroids significantly reduced serum and tissue levels of TNF-α in patients with alopecia areata, correlating with clinical improvement.

This case report suggests that starting selective Janus kinase 1 inhibition may improve alopecia in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis who was not responding to TNF-α inhibitor therapy and corticosteroids.

Some medications for inflammation can cause a condition with scalp rashes and hair loss, often linked to Crohn's disease, and may require treatment changes to prevent permanent hair loss.

In this prospective study, 15 patients with patchy alopecia areata treated with intralesional methotrexate every two weeks showed a significant improvement in hair regrowth and reduction in lesion severity, with changes linked to decreased tissue levels of TNF-α.

TNF-a may not be as involved in certain types of hair loss as previously thought.

Some patients on anti-TNF drugs experience a type of hair loss called TAIAPA.

Some drugs for inflammation may cause psoriasis-like hair loss.

This study found that hinokitiol effectively suppressed TNF-α production in activated macrophage-like cells, suggesting it may help alleviate hair loss by mitigating factors that promote follicular apoptosis.

This study confirms an association between TNF-α antagonist exposure and alopecia, indicating a class effect among the medications examined.

This study identifies substance P, TNFα, and IFNγ as novel regulators of prolactin and its receptor expression in human skin, suggesting intracutaneous prolactin is not controlled by dopamine.

This meta-analysis found that alopecia areata patients had significantly higher serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α compared to healthy subjects, indicating a potential role of these cytokines in the condition's pathogenesis.

This article reviews TNF-α inhibitor-induced alopecia, identifying various types of hair loss such as severe alopecia areata and scarring alopecia, and calls for more controlled studies to better understand this adverse effect.

In this study, women with polycystic ovarian syndrome were found to have significantly higher blood levels of DHEA, IL-6, and TNF-α compared to healthy controls.

This study observed that among male patients who experienced telogen effluvium after platelet-rich plasma treatment for androgenic alopecia, there were elevated levels of TNF-α, androgen receptors, and altered 5α-reductase gene expression, suggesting these factors as potential contributors to this unintended outcome.

This study found that IL-4 VNTR intron 3 and TNF-α (rs1799964) gene polymorphisms do not have a significant association with alopecia areata susceptibility in the Egyptian population.

This study evaluated the effects of exosome therapy from hypoxia-treated mesenchymal stem cells on a fluconazole-induced alopecia model in rats and found that it significantly reduced TNF-α and increased VEGF levels, suggesting potential as a novel regenerative treatment for alopecia.

This study found that overexpression of PKCα in mouse epidermis increases expression of specific proinflammatory mediators and induces inflammation but does not significantly affect epidermal differentiation, proliferation, or tumor promotion with TPA.

This study found that human placenta hydrolysate effectively inhibited atopic dermatitis development in stimulated human cells and a mouse model, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for related skin diseases.