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This case report highlights that insulin resistance in PCOS can occur even in underweight patients, as demonstrated by a 24-year-old woman who improved her menstrual cycle, acne, and hirsutism with metformin and dexamethasone over 6 months.

In this case study, a 6-year-old boy with autism spectrum disorder developed iodine deficiency hypothyroidism due to extreme picky eating, illustrating the need for flexible dietary interventions in similar cases.

This review discusses the dual role of selenium in human health, highlighting both the dangers of deficiency and potential toxicity from over-supplementation, without presenting new clinical results.

This study found that a thyroid hormone receptor ẞ subtype-selective thyromimetic was effective in promoting hair growth in mouse and monkey models when applied topically.

This review discusses the complexities of interpreting thyroid function tests, highlighting the challenges primary care providers face due to patient demand and misinformation, but reports no new results.

This article reviews the skin condition myxedema associated with hypothyroidism, highlighting its characteristic non-pitting, glycosaminoglycan-rich nature, and reports no new results.

This review covers the connection between thyroid diseases and skin conditions like alopecia, dermatitis, and vitiligo, and highlights the need for further research on the role of thyroid hormones in skin health.

This review discusses the classic skin characteristics of hypothyroidism, notably generalized myxedema caused by increased glycosaminoglycan deposition, and reports no clinical results.

This study found a strong association between thyroid disorders and dermatological conditions such as vitiligo, alopecia areata, and melasma, suggesting a benefit to including thyroid function tests in routine investigations for these conditions.

Thyroid hormone may be useful for treating various skin conditions and needs more research.

This study found that patients with thyroid dysfunction were more likely to experience skin disorders such as chronic idiopathic urticaria, vitiligo, and alopecia areata compared to a control group.

This review discusses the challenges in measuring testosterone for assessing androgen excess in women and emphasizes the importance of quality control in laboratory methods, but it reports no new clinical results.

This report suggests a potential link between hyperprolactinemia and alopecia in women with autoimmune thyroid disease and emphasizes the importance of considering other causes in diagnosis.

In this study, T3 and T4 were found to directly influence human hair follicles in vitro, enhancing keratinocyte proliferation, prolonging the hair growth phase, and affecting pigmentation.

This observational study reviewed thyroid eye disease patients treated with teprotumumab at one center, reporting common side effects like fatigue and dry eye symptoms, with serious adverse events including two cases of blood clots and one pulmonary embolism.

Vitamin D deficiency is common in temporary hair loss, and stress is often a suspected cause.

This review discusses the effects of thyroid hormone on the skin and explores the potential for using it to treat skin diseases, but reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses the potential therapeutic use of thyroid hormones on skin conditions, highlighting the need for further research but reporting no new experimental results.

This study observed that direct exposure to androgens in Western clawed frogs differentially affects thyroid receptor and deiodinase gene expression in male and female tissues, offering insight into sex-specific metabolic pathway activation.

This study investigated cutaneous manifestations in thyroid disorder patients, finding that hypothyroid patients commonly experienced dry skin (67.83%) while warm skin (93.3%) and increased sweating prevailed in hyperthyroid patients, with urticaria being the most common autoimmune association among both groups.

Hair loss is often linked to thyroid problems, especially in women and older people, and screening for thyroid issues is advised for those with hair loss.

This review explores the association between alopecia and thyroid autoimmune disease, also highlighting a linked increased risk of thyroid cancer, but presents no new clinical findings.

This article reviews the influence of thyroid hormone on skin and hair health, emphasizing its role in epidermal homeostasis and hair growth, but reports no new experimental results.

Thyroid disease can cause hair loss and treating thyroid problems might help with hair disorders.

This study estimates the prevalence of hyperandrogenic states in late adolescent and young females, revealing that these disorders often begin at a young age.

Iron deficiency is not a significant cause of hair loss in women.

This review discusses the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and pathogenesis of autoimmune skin diseases and their associations with thyroid diseases, reporting no new clinical results.

Higher thyroid hormone levels may be linked to certain types of polycystic ovary syndrome.

This study revealed that manual thyroid examinations in alopecia patients may uncover thyroid abnormalities undetectable by blood tests alone, but further research is needed to assess their clinical importance.

This paper presents a case study of a 21-year-old male with thyroid hemiagenesis, where the left thyroid lobe and isthmus are absent, and discusses the anomaly's potential clinical consequences based on existing literature.