49 citations
,
November 1992 in “Archives of dermatology” This article discusses the emotional and psychological impact of severe alopecia areata on patients, emphasizing feelings of loss, vulnerability, and self-identity changes, and reports no new results.
11 citations
,
September 1999 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” This review examines various immunomodulatory therapies for cutaneous lymphoma and notes that they are most effective in the disease's early stages.
February 1990 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This review summarizes therapeutic advances reported in English-language literature from December 1987 to December 1988 and states no new clinical results.
5 citations
,
June 2012 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” This study found that applying topical thymidine dinucleotide (pTT) to newborn mice before UV exposure delayed and reduced melanoma development compared to untreated controls.
164 citations
,
April 2008 in “Cochrane library” This review of interventions for alopecia areata found no significant treatment benefits for hair growth compared to placebo, indicating a need for larger, well-conducted studies.
99 citations
,
July 2017 in “Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology” This review noted that alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease impacting hair follicles and offered insights into its complex pathogenesis involving immune responses, while highlighting ongoing research into new treatments such as Janus kinase inhibitors and other immunomodulatory drugs.
64 citations
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May 2019 in “Materials Science and Engineering: C” This review outlines the development, applications, and challenges of microneedle-based drug delivery from 2000-2019, particularly highlighting fabrication techniques, but reports no new clinical results.
48 citations
,
January 2011 in “International journal of trichology” This study found that intralesional triamcinolone acetonide was most effective for hair regrowth in localized alopecia areata, with betamethasone valerate foam also being beneficial, while tacrolimus ointment showed no significant effect.
48 citations
,
October 1996 in “Dermatologic clinics” This review discusses the variability and limitations of treatments for severe alopecia areata, noting some patients may achieve cosmetic hair regrowth with treatment, while others experience persistent hair loss or relapse.
44 citations
,
March 2020 in “Antibiotics” The researchers reported that carnosic acid and carnosol, extracts from rosemary leaves, specifically inhibit S. aureus virulence expression, suggesting potential topical treatments for atopic dermatitis flares.
41 citations
,
September 2018 in “Australasian journal of dermatology” This review suggests that oral prednisolone pulse therapy and oral inosiplex may be effective for alopecia areata, but robust evidence from randomized controlled trials is lacking, highlighting the need for better-designed future studies.
20 citations
,
March 2006 in “Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery” This review focuses on the medical treatment of common nonscarring alopecias, including androgenetic alopecia, alopecia areata, and telogen effluvium, and reports no new clinical results.
14 citations
,
January 2011 in “International Journal of Trichology” This study reports that combination therapy with oral steroids, anthralin, and minoxidil yielded effective cosmetic responses in 80% of patients with treatment-resistant extensive alopecia areata.
8 citations
,
January 1989 in “Annual Reports in Medicinal Chemistry” This chapter reviews treatments for alopecia areata and androgenetic alopecia but presents no new clinical findings, emphasizing the need for more effective and safe hair growth promoters.
March 2022 in “Nepal Journal of Dermatology Venereology & Leprology” In this prospective clinical trial, azathioprine with steroid minipulse therapy and methotrexate with steroid minipulse therapy both improved hair regrowth in alopecia areata patients, but methotrexate showed slightly higher efficacy.
This review examines current treatment options for alopecia areata and highlights the challenges due to limited evidence-based data and unpredictability in disease progression.
January 2010 in “Elsevier eBooks” The document concludes that different types of hair loss have specific treatments, and early diagnosis is crucial for preventing permanent hair loss.
March 2026 in “Bioengineering & Translational Medicine” This study reported that a modified version of Thymosin beta 4, called PEG-rTβ4, demonstrated potential as a treatment for acute myocardial infarction by improving cardiac function and reducing cell death via specific biochemical pathways, suggesting its promise in drug development efforts.
December 2014 in “Journal of Biomedical Research” In a mouse model of peripheral vascular disease, this study found that recombinant thymosin β4 treatment increased expression levels of certain proteins, promoting angiogenesis.
This review explores the mechanisms and clinical applications of thymosin β4, highlighting its potential in various medical fields, but it presents no new research findings.
This article reviews alopecia areata as a chronic autoimmune disease affecting hair follicles and discusses its association with other autoimmune conditions, but provides no new clinical findings.
2 citations
,
July 2019 in “International Journal of Neuroscience and Behavioral Science” This study found that ethanol extract of Thevetia peruviana bark demonstrated significant antinociceptive activity in mice, suggesting potential for developing new analgesic drugs.
28 citations
,
January 2016 in “Vitamins and hormones” This source reports that thymosin beta 4 accelerated dermal wound repair in phase 2 clinical trials for pressure ulcers, stasis ulcers, and epidermolysis bullosa wounds and was well tolerated.
7 citations
,
March 2012 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study presents evidence that specific thymus-derived peptides affect human hair follicle growth, identifying thymulin as a potential hair growth stimulator despite interindividual response variations.
This study found that Dex-loaded hyaluronic acid hydrogel microneedles significantly reduced pain in an acute inflammatory visceral pain model without sedation, suggesting a promising and patient-friendly alternative to intravenous delivery.
November 2025 in “JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY INDIA” This study observed that thymol from Origanum marjoram essential oil significantly promoted hair regrowth and reduced inflammation in cyclophosphamide-induced alopecia in rabbits, with effects that were comparable to or exceeded those of betamethasone, highlighting its potential as a safer treatment alternative.
12 citations
,
December 2022 in “Current Protein and Peptide Science” This review discusses the molecular mechanisms and clinical applications of thymosin β4, highlighting its potential benefits for inflammation, wound healing, tumor metastasis, and other medical conditions but reports no new experimental results.
118 citations
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December 2003 in “Mechanisms of Ageing and Development” Thymosin β4 helps heal wounds, grow hair, and improve blood vessel formation.
October 2012 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” Thymic peptides can either promote or inhibit human hair growth.
June 2015 in “Han'gug eung'yong saengmyeong hwa haghoeji/Journal of the Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistry” This study found that several small molecule peptides based on thymosin β4 significantly promoted cell proliferation related to wound healing, angiogenesis, and hair growth more effectively than established positive controls.