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This study found that specific immune cell phenotypes, particularly CD25 on CD4 Treg cells, were causally linked to androgenic alopecia, suggesting potential targets for immune-based therapies.

This study demonstrated that disrupting EGFR signaling in mice leads to immune sensitivity compromising the hair follicle's protective environment, but JAK1/2 inhibition can restore this immune privilege and stimulate hair growth, suggesting a potential therapy for scarring hair loss diseases like cicatricial alopecia.

This review discusses the effects of valproic acid on immune cell activation and gene expression, potentially influencing infection outcomes and suggesting its promise for autoimmune and hypersensitivity condition management.

This study found distinct gene expression profiles in alopecia areata-affected skin, suggesting T-cell mediated immune responses and unique gene profiles between different stages of the disease.

This case report documents the development of vitiligo-like lesions in a patient with autoimmune thyroiditis following the use of topical squaric acid dibutylester for alopecia.

This review discusses the protective roles of skin-resident immune cells in maintaining tissue homeostasis and facilitating wound healing, but reports no new experimental findings.

This review discusses the role of immune cells in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata and highlights emerging immunomodulatory strategies and novel therapeutic targets aimed at offering more effective and durable treatments for this autoimmune hair loss disorder.

This review discusses the shared biological mechanisms between allergy and autoimmunity, emphasizing pruritus as a central symptom in psychophysiological dermatoses, and reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses the pathophysiology of alopecia areata, highlighting the role of CD8 cytotoxic T cells and the upregulation of JAK signaling pathways; it reports no new experimental results.

This study suggests that CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes play a crucial role in the development of alopecia areata, based on observations in rodent models that mimic human autoimmune disease.

This review discusses alopecia areata as a model for studying tissue-directed autoimmune diseases and reports no new clinical findings.

In this clinical trial, patients with lichen planopilaris treated with the oral TYK2 inhibitor deucravacitinib showed significant improvement in PGA, LPPAI, and Skindex-16 scores over 24 weeks, with transcriptomic analyses indicating decreased inflammatory and immune pathway activity post-treatment.

This review identifies shared interferon gamma-driven immune pathways in vitiligo and alopecia areata, revealing potential targets for new treatments, but reports no clinical results.

In this study, type I interferon response-related genes activated by RIG-1 and IL-17 signaling pathways were significantly up-regulated in both hair follicles and skin tissues affected by chronic discoidal lupus erythematosus.

This study found that type I interferon response-related genes activated by RIG-1 and IL-17 pathways were significantly up-regulated in hair follicle and skin samples with chronic discoidal lupus erythematosus.

This study reviewed recent theories on alopecia areata's pathogenesis, highlighting its autoimmune nature due to immune privilege disruption in hair follicles, and noted current treatments have limited efficacy with high relapse rates, underscoring the need for further research into its mechanisms for better therapies.

In this study, researchers found that alopecia areata patients show a significant reduction in suppressive regulatory T-cells and an increase in inflammatory T-cell populations, suggesting an immunological imbalance contributing to the disease.

Alopecia areata is linked to immune system differences, with specific biomarkers like CXCL9 and CXCL10 being key for diagnosis and potential treatment targets.

This review discusses sex-based differences in immune responses, focusing on genetic, hormonal, and microbiome factors influencing infections like COVID-19, and reports no clinical results.

This review outlines the advancements in organ and tissue transplantation since the discovery of the human MHC and reports no new clinical results.

This review explores animal models of alopecia areata, particularly focusing on the insights they've provided into the disease's immune mechanisms and potential treatment approaches, without reporting new experimental data.

This review discusses the potential of JAK inhibitors as a promising treatment strategy for alopecia areata, highlighting their mechanism and recent FDA approval based on clinical trial efficacy.

This article reviews sebaceous immunobiology and highlights the complex role of sebaceous glands and sebocytes in skin barrier function and inflammation, particularly in acne pathogenesis, but reports no new results.

This review discusses sex differences in immune response to respiratory viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2, and highlights that hormones like estrogen may provide females with better protection, but it reports no new results.

This chapter reviews various in vitro and laboratory animal models for studying potential therapies for alopecia and reports no new results.

This review discusses the range of cutaneous immune-related adverse events induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors and the proposed mechanisms underlying these skin reactions, but reports no new clinical results.

In this study, researchers found that electrospun membranes with aligned surface topography advanced the immune response towards an adaptive stage and highlighted the role of T cells in hair follicle regeneration in mice, showcasing the intricate interactions between immune and skin cells.

Any drug can cause skin reactions, but antibiotics, NSAIDs, and psychotropic drugs are more common, with some reactions being life-threatening.

The research found that hair follicle–derived cytokines, particularly IL-15 and IL-7, regulate skin-resident memory T cells and their role in both immune homeostasis and lymphoma in the skin.

This paper discusses the evolving understanding of psoriasis pathogenesis with no new clinical findings; the authors highlight the role of T-cell plasticity and regulatory cells, calling for further clinical applications using single-cell technologies.