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The document concludes that the 5 alpha-reductase enzymes are important in steroid metabolism and related to various human diseases, with inhibitors used to treat conditions like male pattern baldness and prostate issues.

About 7% to 15% of Iranian women have polycystic ovary syndrome, depending on the criteria used to diagnose it.

Dutasteride more effective for hair growth, but has more side effects than finasteride.

The system allows precise control of gene expression in mouse skin, useful for studying skin biology.

Platelet-rich plasma injections significantly improved hair regrowth and thickness in patients with hair loss.

The guidelines suggest a detailed approach to diagnosing and treating lupus, with a focus on regular check-ups, personalized medicine, and a range of drug options for different cases.

Diagnosing PCOS in teenagers is challenging and should use strict criteria to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary worry.

MK-0773 safely increased muscle mass but did not improve muscle strength or function in elderly women with sarcopenia.

The skin is a complex barrier for drug penetration, but understanding its structure and interactions can improve drug delivery methods.

Noggin is necessary to start the hair growth phase in skin after birth.

Finasteride effectively treats BPH, but needs more trials to understand potential.

PrEP for HIV is less effective in transgender women mainly due to low adherence to the treatment.

Oxidative stress causes hair to gray by damaging and killing pigment cells.

Hair color production in mice is closely linked to the hair growth phase and may also influence hair growth itself.

Iron deficiency may be related to hair loss, but there's not enough evidence to recommend iron screening or supplements for all hair loss patients.

Platelet-rich plasma treatment significantly increased hair regrowth and decreased discomfort in alopecia patients, making it a potentially better and safer treatment option.

Hormone therapy for trans individuals is effective and generally safe in the short term.

Overexpression of activin A in mice skin causes skin thickening, fibrosis, and improved wound healing.

Microneedles are being used and tested for various medical and cosmetic treatments.

Women are more likely to have long-term post-COVID symptoms than men.

The cuneate nucleus has two main neuron types: relay neurons and interneurons.

Eating high-glycemic foods and drinking milk may worsen acne by increasing insulin and IGF-1 levels.

Calcium affects where root hairs grow, but other unknown factors determine their growth direction.

Use minoxidil for hair loss; finasteride and dutasteride for men, dutasteride for women.

The human sebocyte culture model has improved understanding of oily skin and acne, and how they can be treated.

Male and female bodies respond differently to stress, influenced by hormones and development stages, with implications for stress-related diseases.

Sebocytes play a key role in controlling androgen levels in human skin.

Dutasteride and finasteride may reduce sperm count and volume but don't affect movement or shape; effects are reversible after stopping.

Free fatty acids in sebum boost skin's defense against acne by increasing antimicrobial peptides.

Visible light can damage skin and most sunscreens don't block it well; more research is needed on its effects and protection methods.