April 2026 in “Dermatology and Therapy” This paper argues that androgenetic alopecia in transgender and gender-diverse individuals is clinically significant, suggesting individualized and gender-affirming treatment approaches, with oral minoxidil as a key therapy.
August 2024 in “Australasian Journal of Dermatology” This article highlights that in Australia, transgender and gender-diverse patients experience specific dermatological challenges during gender-affirming treatments, such as acne and patterned hair loss. It emphasizes the need for tailored dermatological care and guidance for these patients.
December 2022 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” This study reported that Tianma Gouteng decoction improved hair follicle regeneration in mice and identified its potential mechanism, primarily involving the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, through a combination of network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation.
February 2023 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This study found that transgender and gender diverse patients on masculinizing hormone therapy had 2.5 times the rate of androgenetic alopecia compared to cisgender women.
1 citations
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January 2024 in “Journal of the American Pharmacists Association” In this study of transgender and gender-diverse adults, the researchers observed that one-third of those on psychotropic medications within two years of starting hormone therapy experienced psychotropic polypharmacy, with a significantly higher likelihood of potential drug-hormone interactions in this group.
2 citations
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July 2024 in “International Journal of Transgender Health” This study reviewed literature on dermatological changes in transgender and gender diverse individuals during gender affirming medical transition, identifying risks like acne and hypertrophic scars, and provided tailored care recommendations for health professionals.
November 2023 in “Australasian journal of dermatology” This review highlights the dermatological needs of transgender and gender diverse individuals in Australia, emphasizing the role of dermatologists in managing skin and hair conditions related to gender affirmation and hormone therapy.
17 citations
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February 2020 in “Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology” This review discusses medical interventions that reproductive health experts can provide to transgender and gender diverse youth and reports no new clinical results.
1 citations
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February 2023 in “Journal of Athletic Training” This review discusses the role of athletic trainers in the medical affirmation and care of transgender and gender-diverse individuals, but it reports no new research findings; the authors emphasize the need for interprofessional collaboration.
5 citations
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September 2021 in “Southern African Journal of Hiv Medicine” The guideline provides healthcare professionals in South Africa with instructions for comprehensive, multidisciplinary gender-affirming care, including HIV prevention and treatment for transgender and gender diverse individuals.
April 2024 in “Pediatric dermatology” This study found that dermatologic concerns such as acne, androgenic alopecia, and eczema are prevalent among transgender and gender-diverse youth at Boston Children's Hospital, with acne notably linked to testosterone use, but noted low dermatology referral rates.
January 2024 in “JMIR Dermatology” Few dermatology programs mention gender-affirming care, highlighting a need for better training and visibility.
October 2023 in “Paediatrics & child health” This document serves as a resource for pediatricians and primary care providers to guide gender-affirming health care for transgender and gender-diverse youth, including potential medical transition options.
May 2023 in “Journal of drugs in dermatology” Most transgender patients getting laser hair removal before gender-affirming surgery are already on hormone therapy, which might affect the hair removal process.
17 citations
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April 2011 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” This study reports that the transgenic expression of Dsg1 in mice rescued the severe B6-Dsg3−/− phenotype and created a syngeneic mouse model of pemphigus vulgaris, which may aid in understanding autoimmunity mechanisms.
This article highlights the gap between medically necessary dermatologic gender-affirming procedures and insurance coverage for transgender and gender diverse service members in the US Military, and discusses how dermatologists can support gender-affirming care and address existing healthcare disparities.
April 2012 in “Neuropediatrics” This article reviews the genetic and phenotypic characteristics of Trichothiodystrophy and discusses the associated DNA repair defects, but does not report new clinical findings.
December 2025 in “International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science” This study systematically reviewed dermatological conditions affecting transgender and gender-diverse individuals, highlighting that testosterone therapy can induce acne in 25–88% of transgender men and alopecia after over two years, while dermatologic care must consider both medical and social complexities.
This study found that among transgender and gender diverse adults, facial hair is important for gender affirmation but often causes dissatisfaction and financial strain due to inadequate insurance coverage for hair care treatments.
87 citations
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July 2018 in “Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research” This review discusses the essential roles and complex regulation of PP2A in various physiological processes and reports no clinical results; the authors highlight the need for further mouse model research to explore PP2A's therapeutic potential.
80 citations
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April 2011 in “Plant physiology” This study suggests that the GPX-PDE1 and GPX-PDE2 genes in white lupin enhance root hair development and contribute to Pi limitation acclimation by facilitating glycerophosphodiester degradation.
30 citations
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October 2015 in “Journal of Ethnopharmacology” This study identified several compounds from traditional Chinese medicines that may inhibit prostaglandin D2 synthase, potentially providing promising candidates for treating androgenic alopecia with minimal adverse skin reactions.
13 citations
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March 2023 in “Cureus” This review identifies significant variability in insurance coverage for gender-affirming surgeries in the US, affecting equitable access to care for transgender individuals and suggesting a need for health policy reforms.
12 citations
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September 2024 in “Frontiers in Immunology” This study found that metabolism-related genes significantly impact the prognosis and metastasis in breast cancer, and the development of prediction models may guide personalized therapeutic strategies.
August 2025 in “Scientific Reports” This study found that the protein C4BPA may link insulin resistance and acne vulgaris by influencing lipid metabolism and inflammatory pathways, suggesting it as a potential mediator in the pathogenesis of both conditions.
November 2024 in “Global Journal of Human-Social Science” This study found that 69.89% of patients with metabolic syndrome attending primary healthcare in Gurupi, Brazil, exhibited dermatological manifestations, with morbid obesity strongly linked to these skin changes.
September 2023 in “Repository of the University of Primorsk (University of Primorska)” This review discusses the side effects of gender-affirming hormone therapy and reports no clinical results; it highlights the potential to reduce adverse effect risk factors with healthy eating guidelines.
December 2022 in “GS Publishing Services eBooks” This publication compiles scientific articles from diverse researchers and practitioners across Europe and other regions but provides no new research results.
288 citations
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January 2001 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” In this study, the disruption of Gh/tissue transglutaminase in mice did not affect viability but reduced thymocyte viability and fibroblast adhesion, suggesting its role in cell stabilization and extracellular matrix interactions.
24 citations
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July 2018 in “Stem cells” This study found that Runx1 in hair follicle stem cells modulates lipid metabolism, impacting membrane organization and enhancing signal transduction for cell proliferation in both normal and cancer epithelial cells.