32 citations,
February 2017 in “Human Reproduction” Women with polycystic ovary syndrome tend to have a longer anogenital distance.
October 2022 in “Springer eBooks” The document concludes that personalized hormonal treatments are important for transgender individuals and more research is needed for non-binary treatments.
31 citations,
April 2015 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” Androgens cause oil-producing skin cells with androgen receptors to mature and produce more oil.
59 citations,
May 2014 in “Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets” The document concludes that targeting 5α-reductase, the androgen receptor, and hair growth genes, along with using compounds with anti-androgenic properties, could lead to more effective hair loss treatments.
Androstenedione is better than testosterone for diagnosing PCOS in Indian women.
December 2020 in “Current Sexual Health Reports” Finasteride can have lasting negative effects on brain function and behavior by disrupting neurosteroid production.
2 citations,
May 2006 in “Women's Health Medicine” PCOS is diagnosed when at least two of these three features are present: polycystic ovaries, irregular ovulation, and high androgen levels.
3 citations,
June 2016 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Doctors used a special blood sampling technique to diagnose a woman's rare ovarian tumor that was producing male hormones.
3 citations,
October 2021 in “Clinica Chimica Acta” Hormone levels in hair vary across the head, with the highest concentration of a key hormone linked to hair loss at the top.
45 citations,
May 2012 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Too much AKR1C3 enzyme causes resistance to finasteride by increasing testosterone.
57 citations,
December 2018 in “JAMA Surgery” Hormone treatment for transgender patients may not need to be stopped before surgery, but more research is needed, especially on estrogen.
January 2020 in “Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology” All women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) in a study had at least one skin disorder, with the most common being excessive hair growth, acne, dark skin patches, hair loss, and oily skin.
10 citations,
November 2018 in “Physiological Research” The conclusion is that standardizing testosterone measurement methods is essential for better diagnosis accuracy in women.
1 citations,
January 2016 in “Journal of Microbial & Biochemical Technology” The Free Androgen Index (FAI) is the best indicator of early hair loss in men before age 30.
5 citations,
September 2021 in “Southern African Journal of Hiv Medicine” The guideline provides healthcare professionals in South Africa with instructions for comprehensive, multidisciplinary gender-affirming care, including HIV prevention and treatment for transgender and gender diverse individuals.
2 citations,
March 2012 in “Nature Reviews Endocrinology” The body's change of testosterone into DHT is not necessary for testosterone's muscle and sexual effects.
38 citations,
January 1997 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Finasteride and flutamide effectively reduce hirsutism in PCOS women, with flutamide also lowering hormone levels.
59 citations,
August 2004 in “Human Reproduction Update” Testosterone replacement can help women with low libido and mood, but they need to have enough estrogen first to avoid side effects.
14 citations,
September 1986 in “Archives of Dermatology” Women with low SHBG levels and a high 3a-diol G to SHBG ratio are likely to experience female pattern baldness, possibly due to a slight excess of androgens affecting sensitive hair bulbs.
51 citations,
January 1989 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Men with male-pattern baldness have more androgen receptors in their scalp's oil glands, which may contribute to hair loss.
56 citations,
October 1983 in “Archives of Dermatology” Some women with acne have higher levels of free testosterone, which might suggest using hormonal treatments for acne.
6 citations,
January 2017 in “Dermato-endocrinology” ADT-G may be a useful indicator of increased androgen levels in women with acne and can be lowered with certain birth control pills.
19 citations,
October 2017 in “The FASEB Journal” Male hormones cause different growth in identical human hair follicles due to their unique epigenetic characteristics.
6 citations,
January 1996 in “Endocrine-related Cancer” Combining flutamide and finasteride can reduce prostate weight and tumor growth, potentially benefiting treatments needing optimal DHT inhibition.
3 citations,
September 2014 in “Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” Menopause often leads to lower sexual desire and discomfort during sex, but treatment should be personalized and only if it bothers the woman.
July 2005 in “SKINmed/Skinmed” BRL 7660, once studied for male contraception, showed promise as an acne treatment but was not developed further due to competing drugs.
January 2015 in “Indian Journal of Medical Biochemistry” Men with early balding should be checked for metabolic syndrome, as there's a link between the two.
39 citations,
September 2000 in “Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America” Insulin-lowering medications show promise for PCOS symptoms but can't be the main treatment yet due to limited long-term research.
6 citations,
November 1997 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Women with acne and irregular periods had higher active testosterone levels, which could suggest the usefulness of antiandrogen treatment.
51 citations,
August 2012 in “Differentiation” Mouse genital development depends on male or female hormones for specific features.