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This review examines AAS-related deaths and finds that anabolic-androgenic steroid abuse may lead to severe cardiac abnormalities, contributing to fatal arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in young athletes and bodybuilders.

Transgender women have similar fitness to cisgender women, while transgender men have higher fat and lower strength than cisgender men; hormone therapy affects body composition and strength.

This review provides an overview of clinically approved small molecule drugs targeting androgen receptors and discusses therapeutic applications, without presenting new experimental results.

This review discusses the challenges and considerations in managing transgender patients in critical care, noting gaps in current medical curricula and suggesting improvements in education.

This review highlights potential negative impacts of certain medications on male fertility, such as hormonal disruption and germ cell toxicity, emphasizing the importance of clinicians being aware of these effects to advise on safer alternatives.

This review discusses the adverse effects of anabolic agents in sports, noting cardiovascular, behavioral, and other side effects, but highlights inconsistencies in the severity of cardiovascular risks.

This source provides a comprehensive guideline for the management of transgender individuals in India, highlighting the need for multidisciplinary diagnosis, counseling for gender-affirming hormone therapy, and the importance of addressing social stigma, legal issues, and medical training to improve healthcare access for this population.

This review highlights the dermatological needs of transgender and gender diverse individuals in Australia, emphasizing the role of dermatologists in managing skin and hair conditions related to gender affirmation and hormone therapy.

This study found that female patients in Finnish specialized health care with a history of doping use exhibited high rates of psychiatric and substance use disorder morbidity, with less than half of those using anabolic androgenic steroids showing atypical red blood cell parameters.

This study concluded that albumin-bound testosterone is biologically important and significantly contributes to testosterone bioavailability in women receiving spironolactone.

This review discusses the complex relationship between testosterone levels and male appearance and behavior, emphasizing the limitations and potential biases in making generalizations from current data.

This study found that altered testosterone metabolism and changes in cytochrome P450 mono-oxygenase expression are significantly associated with cardiac hypertrophy in human hearts and spontaneously hypertensive rats.

This study found that testosterone increased seizure severity in mice and rats, with its neurosteroid metabolites playing a role in modulating seizure susceptibility.

This research observed that oral testosterone replacement therapy significantly increases cardiovascular risk, while effects of injected or transdermal therapy on cardiovascular risk were not significant, prompting further investigation into these methods.

This study found that caffeine can stimulate hair growth in vitro and counteract testosterone-induced growth suppression in hair follicles from male AGA patients.

This study found that testosterone therapy in trans men increased facial and body hair growth while the prevalence and severity of acne peaked at 6 months but were primarily mild after long-term treatment.

In this study, female-to-male transsexuals treated with long-acting testosterone undecanoate experienced an increase in lean mass but no change in fat mass or bone mineral density over 24 months.

In this study, DHT and calculated free DHT were linked to higher risks of incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in elderly men, while total testosterone and calculated free testosterone showed no such associations.

This review discusses the use of anabolic-androgenic steroids in sports and outlines current methods for detecting urinary steroid doping, particularly testosterone, but reports no new experimental findings.

In this study, significant elevations of DHA and testosterone were associated with pubic hair development and voice changes in boys during puberty.

This review discusses the free hormone hypothesis for measuring "free" testosterone and critiques its theoretical basis and clinical application, noting it lacks critical empirical testing and has inconsistent utility in assessing androgen status.

This review discusses testosterone metabolism in human skin and its role in androgenetic skin disorders, suggesting that temporary increases in dihydrotestosterone may lead to these conditions.

In this study, transgender adolescents treated with testosterone for a median of 12 months experienced effective virilization, including voice deepening and increased hair growth, but also showed decreased HDL cholesterol and BMD z-scores, and increased hematocrit, with no short-term safety issues reported.

This case report describes a 70-year-old woman whose obstructive sleep apnea resolved after the removal of a testosterone-producing ovarian tumor, supporting the theory that testosterone influences OSA in women.

This study found that while a transscrotal testosterone patch increases serum testosterone levels in hypogonadal men with AIDS and weight loss, it does not improve weight, body cell mass, or quality of life.

This study found that 3alpha-diol, an androgen metabolite, improved cognitive and affective performance in aged male rats, suggesting its role in countering age-related decline in hippocampally-influenced behaviors.

This study found that 4 weeks of finasteride treatment significantly decreased DHT levels in bald scalp to levels similar to hair-containing scalp in men with male pattern baldness.

This study found that testosterone and 5α-dihydrotestosterone induced apoptosis in dermal papilla cells from nonbalding scalp regions, suggesting a high androgen stimulus can trigger cell death related to androgenetic alopecia.

This study found that testosterone modulates vascular cell behavior through direct actions that do not rely on its conversion to estradiol.

Testosterone needs to be converted to DHT to reduce stress response in male rats.