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In this study, children with 5-alpha-reductase deficiency and micropenis treated with oral testosterone undecanoate showed increased penile length to a target level after 3-9 months, with no severe adverse effects observed, suggesting the treatment's safety and efficacy.

This study found that administering testosterone to pregnant rats altered connexin 26 and connexin 43 expression in the uterus, which could disrupt embryo implantation and cause early pregnancy loss.

This study found that testosterone administration reduced the expression of uterine receptivity molecules in ovariectomized rats, which may negatively affect early pregnancy establishment and female fertility.

In this review and meta-analysis, the authors concluded that 5α-reductase inhibitor therapy is not consistently associated with significant increases in serum testosterone levels in men.

This study discusses how testosterone exerts its effects directly or through conversion to metabolites, DHT and estradiol 17β, each influencing different physiological processes, noting that DHT conversion is necessary for certain effects but not for muscle, bone, or erythropoiesis impacts.

This study found that the petroleum ether extract of Citrullus colocynthis fruit and an isolated steroidal compound may reduce prostatic hyperplasia in rats induced by testosterone, suggesting potential use in managing androgen-dependent conditions.

This study found that testosterone and dihydrotestosterone inhibit the growth rates of hair bulb papilla cells and root sheath fibroblasts, especially at higher doses, while estradiol was ineffective.

This study found that salivary testosterone levels were significantly lower in oligospermic and azoospermic men compared to normal men, suggesting its potential use in assessing male androgen status.

In this systematic review, an increase in hemoglobin and hematocrit was associated with testosterone therapy, especially within the first year, and factors like serum testosterone levels and therapy specifics were linked to erythrocytosis development, highlighting the need for further research to guide clinical practice.

This study found that testosterone therapy can enhance sexual satisfaction and mood in surgically menopausal women on oestrogen, though ongoing monitoring and research are needed to assess long-term safety and effects in other groups.

In this study using the TriNetX Research Network, men with low serum testosterone levels were found to have an increased risk of developing an initial kidney stone, particularly in those aged 33-44, compared to men with normal testosterone levels.

This article discusses the role of testosterone in the formation of male characteristics, muscle and bone development, and its impact on skin and hair, but provides no new clinical results.

In this study, a 300 mcg daily testosterone patch significantly increased satisfying sexual episodes and sexual desire in postmenopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder not receiving estrogen, compared to placebo.

This case study reported a postmenopausal woman with a testosterone-secreting ovarian tumor that was not detected through standard clinical or radiological examination but was found via biopsy.

This paper details a method for measuring testosterone metabolism into seven androgens using digital autoradiography, which offers high sensitivity and reduces the need for radioactive materials.

This study found that acne prevalence in late pubertal boys was 85%, compared to 15% in girls, with higher DHT levels noted in acne-affected adolescents compared to those without.

This study emphasizes the necessity of confirming elevated testosterone levels detected by immunoassay with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy before pursuing more complex diagnostic evaluations.

This study found that Tanshinone I and Tanshinone IIA from Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix inhibited Nox activity heightened by testosterone in a mouse model, reducing H₂O₂ production and cell apoptosis, and reversing testosterone-induced hair growth suppression, suggesting their potential as treatments for androgenetic alopecia.

This study found that LHE may prevent and reverse testosterone-induced prostatic hyperplasia, supporting the traditional use of Kigelia africana for some reproductive system disorders.

This retrospective analysis reported significant increases in testosterone levels in men with testosterone deficiency using the Daily Subcutaneous Testosterone method combined with hCG and anastrozole, indicating its potential as a treatment option.

This study examines the interaction between androgen receptor signaling and the β-catenin/Wnt signaling pathway in mouse hair follicles, but reports no clinical results.

This study established that a human epidermal model can be utilized to assess 5alpha-reductase activity and evaluate enzyme modulators, such as finasteride, for dermatological applications.

Testosterone replacement can help menopausal women with various symptoms, but should be used carefully and is not yet officially licensed in the UK for women.

This literature review highlights varying recommendations for testosterone use in peri- and postmenopausal women, noting its accepted role in treating hypoactive sexual desire disorder but stressing controversy and lack of FDA-approved options for broader use.

In a rat model of benign prostatic hyperplasia, this study found that purple corn extract may improve symptoms by inhibiting prostate enlargement, reducing androgen receptor signaling, and exerting anti-inflammatory effects.

This review discusses the controversial cardiovascular safety and efficacy of subcutaneous testosterone therapy in postmenopausal women, noting that its long-term use appears safe, but CV risk assessments remain disputed.

This Mendelian randomization study reports that lifelong increased free testosterone in males was associated with improved bone mineral density and body composition but increased risks of prostate cancer, hypertension, and several other conditions.

In this study, two women with hyperandrogenic symptoms were found to have ovarian Leydig cell tumors after selective ovarian venous sampling and salpingo-oophorectomy, leading to a decline in testosterone levels post-surgery.

In this study, researchers observed that a significant number of women in Eket, Nigeria, have low testosterone levels, while a subset with high free testosterone may have polycystic ovary syndrome.

This study found that V-ATPase plays a role in the acidification of vas deferens fluid under the influence of testosterone in orchidectomized rats.