29 citations,
November 1975 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” Testosterone is made by Leydig cells, is active when not bound to proteins, and works by binding to receptors in muscles and other tissues.
28 citations,
October 2018 in “Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology” Testosterone therapy seems safe and effective for transgender men with proper care, but more long-term research is needed.
28 citations,
November 2017 in “Molecular and cellular endocrinology” Testosterone and its byproducts help support male sexual behavior through different pathways in the brain and body.
28 citations,
May 2013 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but should be used cautiously and not based solely on testosterone levels.
26 citations,
December 2016 in “Psychiatric Clinics of North America” Testosterone therapy and surgeries like mastectomy improve transgender men's lives and mental health with low risks and high satisfaction.
25 citations,
July 1994 in “Journal of dermatological science” Testosterone affects hair follicles differently across body sites, with beard hair follicles showing more activity of a specific enzyme and presence of androgen receptors compared to scalp hair.
24 citations,
March 2018 in “Pediatric Dermatology” Testosterone treatment in transgender teens can worsen acne, requiring careful treatment due to mental health and medication side effects.
24 citations,
November 2015 in “Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism” Certain SHBG gene variants, like rs727428, are linked to higher testosterone levels in women with PCOS.
24 citations,
February 2007 in “Hormone and metabolic research” The substance MK386 effectively blocked testosterone conversion and reduced cell growth in certain skin cells, but inhibiting 5α-reductase alone may not greatly improve acne.
24 citations,
March 2003 in “Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Androgens, male hormones, play a role in both men and women's health, and testosterone therapy can help women with low levels, but it's not suitable for pregnant or lactating women, or those with certain conditions.
24 citations,
May 1982 in “Biochemical Pharmacology” These drugs cause hair growth without affecting testosterone or adrenal hormones.
24 citations,
November 2007 in “Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy” New and future treatments for male hypogonadism include various forms of testosterone therapy and emerging drugs.
23 citations,
January 2016 in “Transgender health” Hormone therapy with estradiol and spironolactone can regrow scalp hair in transgender women by lowering testosterone to female levels.
23 citations,
June 2015 in “Clinica Chimica Acta” Researchers found potential urine markers for polycystic ovary syndrome, including testosterone-glucuronide and 11α-hydroxyprogesterone, which may help diagnose the condition.
22 citations,
January 2019 in “Climacteric” Oophorectomy lowers testosterone and estrogen levels in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women, with postmenopausal women still producing significant testosterone.
22 citations,
August 2011 in “Endocrine Practice” Most hirsutism cases are due to PCOS, and treatment focuses on lowering testosterone and blocking its effects.
22 citations,
January 2001 in “Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin” Some new progesterone derivatives are better at blocking testosterone conversion than a common drug.
22 citations,
September 1994 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Finasteride reduces dihydrotestosterone, increases testosterone, and may treat hirsutism in women.
21 citations,
September 2017 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research” Chromium supplements don't improve insulin, hormone levels, or cholesterol in women with PCOS but raise testosterone levels.
20 citations,
March 2022 in “Journal of clinical medicine” Nearly half of the studied men with long COVID had low testosterone, including younger men.
20 citations,
January 2007 in “Fertility and Sterility” A woman developed male traits from accidental contact with her husband's testosterone gel.
20 citations,
January 2003 in “Treatments in Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy can help improve mood, sexual function, and bone health in women with low androgen levels, but more research is needed to establish safe and effective guidelines.
19 citations,
November 2021 in “Reviews in endocrine and metabolic disorders” Sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone may affect COVID-19 severity differently in men and women, potentially influencing prevention and treatment strategies.
19 citations,
May 2020 in “American journal of men's health” Testosterone therapy helps boys with hormone deficiencies develop normal male characteristics and grow properly.
19 citations,
July 2013 in “The obstetrician & gynaecologist” The document concludes that careful evaluation is needed to diagnose PCOS correctly due to similar symptoms in other conditions, and accurate testosterone level measurement is crucial.
19 citations,
March 2010 in “Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters” Curcumin and its derivatives can block an enzyme important for making testosterone, with one derivative being particularly strong.
19 citations,
March 1998 in “Endocrinology” Male rats have more somatostatin neurons than females due to testosterone converting to estrogen during early development.
17 citations,
August 2019 in “Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases” Low testosterone in men is a risk factor for a specific heart rhythm issue, and testosterone treatment may help prevent it.
17 citations,
May 2012 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Surgery to lower high testosterone in postmenopausal women with certain ovarian tumors doesn't significantly affect their metabolism.
16 citations,
December 2021 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Sex hormones may affect COVID-19 severity, with estrogen possibly reducing risk and testosterone potentially increasing it.