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Transgender and gender-diverse adults on hormone therapy often face drug-hormone interactions, especially with multiple psychotropic medications.

Higher BMI and lower testosterone are linked to more aggressive prostate cancer.

Testosterone undecanoate safely and effectively increased penis size in male children with 5-alpha-reductase deficiency.

DHEA may help with sexual function when used intravaginally by menopausal women but is similar to hormone therapy in other aspects and might cause more side effects like acne and hair loss.

More research is needed to understand how testosterone is maintained in adult males.

People with lower levels of free testosterone tend to have worse COVID-19 outcomes.

The document concludes that proper diagnosis and combined treatments are key for hirsutism management, and weight loss may help overweight patients.

Dihydrotestosterone gel improved well-being and sexual function in older men without negatively affecting prostate health.

ADT, especially enzalutamide, may increase the risk of heart rhythm problems and sudden death in men.

Dutasteride protects dopamine neurons in Parkinson's mice, but Finasteride doesn't.

The document concludes that using LC-MS/MS for measuring androgens is more accurate than older methods, but it needs careful validation and standardized references to be most effective.

Finasteride effectively stops hair loss in most patients, but concerns about rare sexual side effects exist.

Cyproterone acetate implants were more effective at reducing facial hair and improving skin in severe hirsutism than oral treatment.

Androgen receptors in the mouse brain may explain cognitive and mood changes in prostate cancer treatment.

Sex hormones may affect COVID-19 severity, with men often faring worse, and targeting related pathways could offer treatment options.

5-alpha-reductase inhibitors may cause a low incidence of erectile dysfunction that decreases over time.

Dihydrotestosterone treatment can help penis growth in boys with 5α-reductase deficiency but doesn't fully normalize size after puberty.

Androgens play a key role in hair growth and disorders like baldness and excessive hairiness.

The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.

COVID-19 may harm male reproductive health and lower testosterone levels, potentially affecting fertility and causing erectile dysfunction. More research is needed.

Environmental factors, hormones, nutrition, and stress all significantly affect skin health and aging.

Women generally handle heart enlargement better than men, but it's riskier for them if it occurs; hormones like estrogen offer some protection.

A man with KID syndrome developed a rare cancer in a long-term skin infection.

The document concludes that sex hormones and related compounds have various effects on health, with both potential benefits and risks.

Hirsutism is excessive male-pattern hair growth in women, often caused by hormonal imbalances, and requires ongoing treatment to manage.

Transgender youth have more sleep disorders, but gender-affirming therapy may help reduce them.

Taking 5-alpha reductase inhibitors does not increase the risk of breast cancer in men.

Nanocarrier-loaded gels improve drug delivery for cancer, skin conditions, and hair loss.

Finasteride can cause serious emotional side effects; doctors should check patients' mental health history before prescribing.