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This study found that hirsutism and acanthosis nigricans are the most reliable skin markers for diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome in women and suggest a need for further evaluation of possible metabolic issues.

This study found that testosterone-enanthate increased red blood cell production and altered iron homeostasis in older hypogonadal men without being affected by finasteride, indicating these effects do not require type II 5α-reductase enzyme activity.

This study identified LY191704 as a specific noncompetitive inhibitor of human 5 alpha-reductase type 1, which may be useful in treating endocrine disorders related to DHT overproduction.

This study defined menstrual phase-specific reference intervals for circulating androgen levels in young women, highlighting that anovulatory females showed higher androgen, LH, and FSH levels compared to ovulatory females.

In this study, researchers found that while both beard and scalp dermal papilla cells release similar autocrine growth factors, only beard cells increased production and response with testosterone, suggesting these factors enhance androgen-induced hair growth.

This study found that miRNA expression profiles in follicular fluid are altered in women with PCOS, with certain miRNAs potentially useful for distinguishing patient subtypes and contributing to understanding PCOS heterogeneity.

This study found that topical Rosmarinus officinalis leaf extract improved hair regrowth in mice and inhibited androgen-associated mechanisms involved in hair loss.

This article reviews gender differences in skin disorders, highlighting variations in disease prevalence and type between sexes, but reports no new findings, emphasizing potential implications for prevention and treatment strategies.

This article reviews dietary recommendations for managing polycystic ovary syndrome and provides evidence that diet changes can improve the androgen profile in affected women, but it reports no new clinical results.

In this study, researchers isolated and identified diverse endophytes from plants in Asia, finding that these microorganisms have significant potential for producing useful metabolites, including enzymes and antibiotics.

This study suggests men with early androgenetic alopecia might have hormonal profiles similar to women with polycystic ovarian syndrome, potentially indicating risk for related health complications.

In this study, ketoconazole treatment improved acne in all women and reduced hirsutism in some, but it caused several side effects and requires careful monitoring.

This study found that 12 weeks of melatonin supplementation improved mental health and metabolic parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome compared to a placebo.

This review discusses the molecular mechanisms of masculinization involving androgen signaling and their roles in male embryonic development and conditions like hypospadias and prostate cancer, and reports no clinical results.

This study found that women with common baldness treated with cyclical antiandrogen therapy for 52 weeks experienced increased hair density and a higher percentage of hairs in the anagen growth phase.

In this animal study, administering testosterone alongside a 5α-reductase inhibitor counteracted testosterone's effects on prostate enlargement while preserving its beneficial effects on muscle and bone.

This review suggests that quercetin supplementation may benefit ovarian functions and hormonal levels in polycystic ovary syndrome, though further high-quality trials are needed for confirmation.

This review discusses the causes, clinical features, diagnostic approach, and treatment options for hirsutism in women, but reports no new findings.

In this study on rats, rutin showed dose-dependent improvements in hormonal, antioxidant, and lipid profiles related to polycystic ovary syndrome, with effects comparable to metformin.

In this study, stress experienced by transmen during early stages of gender transition was associated with reduced nocturnal blood pressure decline and increased C-reactive protein levels.

In this study, the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome among women seeking primary healthcare in Salvador, Brazil, was found to be 8.5% using the Rotterdam criteria.

This study found that serum vaspin levels were elevated in women with polycystic ovary syndrome compared to controls, but treatment with metformin or weight loss did not significantly change these levels.

Testosterone causes hair loss in AGA mice, which are good for testing baldness treatments, and both minoxidil and cyproterone acetate can prevent this hair loss.

In this retrospective study, cyproterone acetate treatment in late-pubertal trans-girls was found to be generally safe and led to mild feminizing effects, with more rapid feminization occurring when combined with estrogens.

This review discusses the association between vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and polycystic ovary syndrome, noting the need for further research on their impact on the disorder's manifestations.

This study reported that MRI-based ovarian morphology shows significant overlap between PCOS cases and controls, highlighting the need to consider clinical and biochemical data alongside imaging findings for PCOS diagnosis.

This article discusses various causes of hyperandrogenism in women and highlights diagnostic considerations for conditions such as PCOS, NCCAH, Cushing's disease, and androgen-secreting tumors, without reporting new clinical results.

This study concludes that high skin 5α-reductase activity may contribute to hirsutism, but the specific regulatory mechanisms and genetic factors remain unclear.

This study found that minoxidil increased 17ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity by nearly 40% in dermal papilla cells from balding scalps but not in nonbalding scalp cells or dermal fibroblasts.

Metformin improves menstrual cycles and hormone levels in women with PCOS, mostly within the first 6 months.