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The skin protects the body, regulates temperature, senses touch, and makes vitamin D.

This study found that low androgen levels in rat penile endothelial cells were associated with a decrease in eNOS-expressing extracellular vesicles and reduced nitric oxide production.

This study found that mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in epithelial cells is necessary for proper enamel formation and odontoblast differentiation in developing incisor teeth in K320E-Twinkle Epi mice.

This study found that cultured hair follicle dermal cells support maintenance and potentially aid in the clinical application of pluripotent and haematopoietic stem cells.

This study demonstrated that keratin extract can stimulate hair growth by inducing the anagen phase in telogenic mice.

This study found that finasteride treatment in male rats may lead to changes in connexin 43 expression in the testes of their offspring, potentially affecting spermatogenesis.

This study found that a large number of pelage hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells can be efficiently isolated using two-step Ficoll Density Gradient Sedimentation, promoting hair growth by secreting exosomes in mice.

This study found that recombinant human hair keratin proteins K31 and K81 show greater potential for inducing skin cell differentiation compared to natural keratin coatings.

This study found that large excisional wounds in mice can regenerate new hair follicles and fat, whereas similar wounds in rats across seven strains failed to do so, highlighting interspecies differences in regenerative capacity.

The researchers reported that finasteride treatment in male rats may lead to changes in antioxidant enzyme activity in their offspring's epididymis, potentially affecting sperm maturation.

This study found that hucMSC-EXOs delivered via intratympanic injection effectively target vestibular sensory tissues, significantly reducing gentamicin-induced balance issues and high-frequency hearing loss, with some measured outcomes surpassing those achieved with dexamethasone.

In this study, the researchers observed that inducing and then withdrawing β-catenin expression in a bigenic mouse model caused reversible changes in skin morphology, indicating dependence on β-catenin signaling.

This article reviews the role of nitric oxide in skin health, including its influence on immune responses and potential therapeutic applications for contact dermatitis, but reports no new clinical results.

Hidradenitis Suppurativa is a chronic skin condition best treated early with surgery for better outcomes and less recurrence.

This study reports that a novel gain-of-function mutation in TMEM173, combined with polymorphisms in TMEM173 and IFIH1, results in a distinct clinical phenotype with features of SAVI, including alopecia and photosensitivity.

This study observed that the molecular structure of keratins in hair fibres' discrete transition zone differs in breast cancer patients, with altered lipid ester absorption bands reverting post-cancer removal.

This chapter discusses the composition, biocompatibility, and production methods of biomaterials like collagen, chitin, and silk for dermal substitutes, focusing on preclinical and clinical research, but reports no new clinical results.

This study suggests that fish oil, specifically its components EPA and DHA, play a beneficial role in promoting skin health by supporting epidermal growth and reducing proinflammatory cytokines.

This chapter reviews traditional and tissue-engineered treatments for skin defects and discusses advances in bioengineered skin constructs, but it presents no new experimental results.

This article reviews the theory that certain cultural practices, like specific haircuts, contribute to common baldness but reports no new clinical findings.

In this study, hair follicle stem cell-derived exosomes enriched with miR-181a-5p accelerated hair regrowth and the transition from telogen to anagen in mice, with up to 90% hair coverage observed, suggesting enhanced activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway compared to controls.

This study utilized a pigmented human epidermal equivalent model to incorporate melanocytes into the epidermis and found enhanced differentiation potential compared to conventional in vitro systems, reflecting in vivo cellular trajectories and highlighting melanocyte-to-keratinocyte communication pathways.

This study reviewed current scientific evidence on the use of exosomes for treating alopecias, finding they may stimulate dermal papilla cell proliferation and modulate inflammation, though challenges in standardization and long-term efficacy remain.

This study found that ACOD1 deficiency in dermal papilla cells promotes mitochondrial dysfunction and contributes to cellular senescence in androgenetic alopecia, suggesting ACOD1 as a potential therapeutic target and 4-octyl itaconate as a promising treatment option for AGA.

In this study, researchers identified exosomal miR-199a-3p as a key factor in the regulation of melanogenesis by dermal papilla cells, finding that it enhances melanocyte proliferation and melanin production, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for pigmentation disorders.

This study found that exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells helped preserve melanocyte function and mitigate stress-induced hair depigmentation in mice by activating the Nrf2-ARE antioxidant pathway under acute neurogenic oxidative stress.

This study introduced hydrogel microneedles loaded with palladium nanoparticles, which utilize the inherent cytotoxicity of polyethyleneimine to enhance the effectiveness of doxorubicin in treating melanoma, achieving a tumor inhibition rate of up to 98% in a murine model.

In a conditional knockout mouse model, this study found that loss of the transcription elongation factor SPT6 in basal keratinocytes led to psoriasis-like skin inflammation and delayed wound healing, suggesting SPT6 plays a crucial role in maintaining epidermal immune quiescence by suppressing proinflammatory NF-κB signaling.

This study identifies a specific cell population, PDGFRα+/Sca1+/CD34+ mesenchymal cells, which play a crucial role in regenerating hair follicles by promoting the downgrowth phase of the hair cycle, offering insights into organ morphogenesis and stem cell niches essential for adult hair regeneration.

This systematic review synthesizes evidence from the past 20 years to highlight the potential of exosome-based therapies from stem cells and plants in improving cutaneous repair, skin aging, and challenging dermatological conditions through mechanisms like immunomodulation and collagen remodeling.