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Alopecia areata is likely caused by a combination of genetic factors and immune system dysfunction, and may represent different diseases with various causes.

RANK-RANKL signaling is essential for hair growth and skin health.

Teriflunomide is an effective and generally safe oral treatment for relapsing MS, reducing relapses and slowing disability progression.

Finasteride can cause one-sided breast enlargement, which disappears after stopping the drug.

Low-dose oral minoxidil effectively treats non-scarring hair loss with some side effects like hypertrichosis and postural hypotension.

Using systemic drugs as creams for skin conditions shows promise, but more research is needed to confirm their effectiveness and safety.

Patients with Shwachman-Diamond syndrome often get misdiagnosed due to a wide range of symptoms, including immune system problems and bone abnormalities.

Higher Lnk protein levels in ovaries may lead to insulin resistance in women with PCOS.

Most spinal cord injury patients in Korea experience skin problems, especially fungal infections and eczema, affecting their quality of life.

Iron deficiency might contribute to hair loss in women.

Oxidative stress may contribute to hair loss in alopecia areata and antioxidants could potentially help as a treatment.

The document concludes that more research is needed to understand hair loss in men and to find new treatments.

Hairless mammals have genetic changes in both their protein-coding and regulatory sequences related to hair.

These specific gene polymorphisms are not linked to Alopecia Areata in Egyptians.

Non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (NCCAH) can mimic PCOS and requires genetic testing for proper diagnosis and treatment.

The model and estimator can predict drug exposure in kidney transplant patients well.

Cryotherapy may be an effective and simple treatment for mild hair loss with few side effects.

People with autoimmune skin diseases often have hearing problems and should get their hearing checked early.

The document concludes that permanent hair loss conditions are complex, require early specific treatments, and "secondary permanent alopecias" might be a more accurate term than "secondary cicatricial alopecia."

Chemotherapy in the first trimester of pregnancy is risky, but in the second and third trimesters, it's generally safe with careful drug selection and timing.

Some drugs can cause skin, nail, and hair problems, which are important for healthcare professionals to recognize and report.

Alopecia Areata is an autoimmune condition often starting before age 20, with varied treatment success and a need for personalized treatment plans.

New treatments for Alopecia Areata, like JAK inhibitors, show promise for hair regrowth and are likely to change future treatment approaches.

People with diabetes or obesity should manage their conditions carefully as they have a higher risk of severe COVID-19.

Early onset and pustules indicate severe hair follicle inflammation, and while antibiotics help, the condition often worsens after treatment stops.

The document concludes that while there are various treatments for Alopecia Areata, there is no cure, and individualized treatment plans are essential due to varying effectiveness.

Tofacitinib was effective in treating hair loss in two patients with alopecia universalis.

COVID-19 might affect male fertility, but more research is needed to understand the full impact.

New treatments for a chronic skin condition show promise, but individualized plans are crucial due to varying responses.

Existing drug dexamethasone may lower death risk in severe COVID-19 cases; more research needed for other drugs.