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This review discusses Omenn syndrome, a form of severe combined immunodeficiency, highlighting its immunopathology and genetic defects without presenting new clinical results.

This review synthesizes existing research on the multilayered defense system of the skin, highlighting how physical, chemical, immune, and microbial barriers work together to maintain skin health, with disruptions in one often leading to broader barrier dysfunctions.

This study suggests that human DSCCs may aid in hair follicle regeneration and reduce microinflammation, with potential applications in regenerative medicine evaluated through a new morphometric analysis.

This article reviews the classification, pathogenesis, and treatment options for cutaneous lupus erythematosus and reports no new clinical findings.

This study found that finasteride treatment in male rats may lead to changes in connexin 43 expression in the testes of their offspring, potentially affecting spermatogenesis.

This review examines the hormonal causes of hair loss, noting how androgen excess can lead to follicle miniaturization and linking estrogen deficiency and thyroid dysfunction to common alopecia types. It further discusses hormonal treatments such as finasteride, dutasteride, and spironolactone.

In this study, transgenic mice with Rank expression in hair follicles showed excessive lymph node growth, which could be normalized by neutralizing the overproduced RANKL, underscoring its role in immune system regulation.

This review discusses the protective roles of skin-resident immune cells in maintaining tissue homeostasis and facilitating wound healing, but reports no new experimental findings.

This review examines the role of retinoic acid synthesis in hair follicles and sebaceous glands, focusing on its localization and function during normal and disease states, but reports no new results.

This article reviews the role of nitric oxide in skin health, including its influence on immune responses and potential therapeutic applications for contact dermatitis, but reports no new clinical results.

This article provides industry updates on stem cell research and regenerative medicine from December 2019 and reports no new research findings.

This research highlights advancements in understanding and treating psoriasis, finding that targeted therapies like IL-17 and IL-23 inhibitors show promise, but challenges such as adverse events, treatment resistance, and the need for personalized approaches remain.

This study examines the similarities and differences in the pathogenesis of autoimmune conditions alopecia areata and vitiligo, highlighting shared features like immune cell involvement and cytokine pathways, while noting differing immune responses in skin and hair.

This paper reviews current cell therapies in medicine, highlighting hematopoietic stem cell transplants as a foundational success and the growing application of genetically modified cells like CAR-T and mesenchymal stem cells for various diseases, including blood disorders and autoimmune conditions.

The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.

This review discusses the role of signaling networks in sebaceous gland development and disorders, highlighting recent insights from mouse models and cell line studies, but reports no new experimental results.

This review discusses the effects of thyroid hormone on the skin and explores the potential for using it to treat skin diseases, but reports no new clinical results.

This review examines current understanding of hair graying and suggests it may be caused by depletion of melanocyte stem cells due to genotoxic stress or dysfunctional melanocytes from oxidative stress.

This scoping review evaluates the connection between hypoxia and declining sex hormonal signaling in middle-aged individuals, proposing a "middle-aging hypovascularity hypoxia hypothesis" as a potential mechanism influencing age-related diseases, with implications for developing strategies to maintain healthspan.

Enhancing regulatory T cells may help treat autoimmune diseases like alopecia areata.

In this study, researchers reviewed the roles of autophagy and mitophagy in hair follicle cycles, exploring their potential links to hair loss and investigating how manipulating these pathways might offer new therapeutic strategies.

This study found that tight junctions extend to the most superficial layer of the stratum granulosum in human skin, challenging previous claims of their limited presence in the epidermis.

This study found that Myc activation in mouse epidermis impairs keratinocyte adhesion and motility by downregulating extracellular matrix and cytoskeleton proteins, affecting hair lineage differentiation.

This study suggests that CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes play a crucial role in the development of alopecia areata, based on observations in rodent models that mimic human autoimmune disease.

This review summarizes current and emerging treatments for common hair loss conditions, highlighting good evidence for androgenetic alopecia but noting the lack of long-term data for alopecia areata and cicatricial alopecias.

This study concluded that the CXCL12–CXCR4 signaling pathway significantly contributes to hair loss in androgenetic alopecia and alopecia areata by promoting inflammation and fibrosis, whereas inhibiting this pathway can restore hair growth and follicle health.

This article reviews the therapeutic use of carnitine derivatives for re-establishing mitochondrial functionality in aging and reports no new clinical results.

Hair follicle stem cells and mitochondria are key for hair growth, and targeting their activity could lead to new hair loss treatments.

This review discusses the role of immune cells in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata and highlights emerging immunomodulatory strategies and novel therapeutic targets aimed at offering more effective and durable treatments for this autoimmune hair loss disorder.

This study found that para-phenylenediamine induces cytotoxic effects in normal human hair dermal papilla cells by altering microRNA expression and causing cell death, cell cycle arrest, and oxidative stress.